全國2009年1月高等教育自學(xué)考試現(xiàn)代語言學(xué)試題

課程代碼：00830 

I. Directions：Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four choices best completes the statement and put the letter A，B，C，or D in the brackets. (2%×10=-20％)

1. Phonetics provides the means to describe the speech sounds，showing how they differ； phonology tells us that they function as ______，acting to contrast words. (      )

A. sounds units                                              B. sound features

C. phonemes                                                  D. allophones

2. Alphabetic spelling represents the pronunciation of words；but it is often the case that the sounds of the words in a language are rather unsystematically represented by ______· (      )

A. writing                                                      B. orthography

C. transcription                                              D. phonology

3. ______morphemes are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other morphemes，either free or bound，to form a word. (      )

A. Bound                                                       B. Free

C. Inflectional                                                D. Derivational

4. _______ categories refer to combination of words of different categories，such as noun phrases(NP)，verb phrases(VP)in English. (      )

A. Lexical                                                      B. Phrasal

C. Semantic                                                   D. Logical

5. In semantic analysis of a sentence， a(n)______ is a logical participant in a predication， largely identical with the nominal element(s)in a sentence. (      )

A. argument                                                   B. subject

C. object                                                        D. attribute