2018年12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)選詞填空答案(第一套)：

　　2018年12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)匹配題真題

　　Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure

　　[A]As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, and Finding Nemo. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through TSA, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with the emails that have inevitably still piled up.

　　[B]Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher — more resilient and determined in our work – so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misunderstanding of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.

　　[C]We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and grit. We imagine a Marine slogging through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the turf for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.

　　[D]The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery — whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones — is costing our companies $62 billion a year (that’s billion, not million) in lost productivity.

　　[E]And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5PM, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study released last month, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics. The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort to work that it impairs other important life areas.”

　　[F]We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, including those who read HBR, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate data set from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.

　　[G]The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3AM to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience. And the bad habits we learn when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.

　　[H]As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Mustering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. This is called upregulation. It also exacerbates exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.

　　[I]So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, that your brain will naturally recover, such that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times where you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing. Stopping does not equal recovering.

　　[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the workday or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the workdays, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get riled up by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.

　　[K]If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. In her upcoming book The Future of Happiness, based on her work at Yale Business School, Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute (which would be seriously optimistic), that would account for 2.5 hours of every day.

　　[L]You can use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to recharge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends — not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.

　　[M]As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the cramped space and spotty internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, meditate, sleep, watch movies, journal, or listen to entertaining podcasts. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel rejuvenated and ready to return to the performance zone.

　　2018年12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)匹配題參考答案

　　36.It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents

　　答案：D

　　解析：D段第二句“Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems.”能與題干進(jìn)行同義替換。其中“l(fā)ack of= inadequate”;“incidence=accidents”。

　　37.Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is

　　答案：J

　　解析：J段第一句“If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods.”能題干進(jìn)行同義替換，其中原文中說(shuō)的“internal and external recovery”就是指的我們“physical and mental relaxation”。

　　38.Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.

　　答案：L

　　解析：L段末句“Take all of your part time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raise your productivity and likelihood of promotion”是題干的具體解釋;“helps one recover=gives you recovery periods”;“increases one’s work efficiency=raise your productivity and likelihood of promotion”

　　39.The author always has a hectic time before taking a fight.

　　答案：A

　　解析： A段中“As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old,we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, and Finding Nemo”句首告訴我們作者經(jīng)常坐飛機(jī)旅行，“hectic=fantasize ”可進(jìn)行同義替換。

　　40.Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working

　　答案：E

　　解析：E段開(kāi)頭“And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering.”與題干表達(dá)含義相同，命題人采用了正話反說(shuō)的策略，將原文的“recovering”作了題干的主語(yǔ)，但上下文意義不變。

　　41.It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking

　　答案：K

　　解析：K段開(kāi)頭“If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping”與題干屬于替換關(guān)系。其中，我們主要依靠線索“prevent people from overworking=strategically stopping”來(lái)解答。

　　42.Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery

　　答案：I

　　解析：I段末句“That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing. Stopping does not equal recovering.”是解題線索來(lái)源。它表達(dá)的含義與題干相同，都是在說(shuō)明“rest does not equal recovery”。

　　43.The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.

　　答案：B

　　解析：B段首先提出了問(wèn)題，段落末尾才給出解題線索“the problem comes from a misunderstanding of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.”與題干是原文重現(xiàn)“misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.”。

　　44.People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from the upbringing.

　　答案：G

　　解析：G段首句“The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age”是答案線索句。其中，考生需要識(shí)別“distorted view=misconception”是一組同義替換，“from the upbringing=from an early age”。

　　45.People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.

　　答案：C

　　解析：C段解題線索在段落末處“We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be.”表示大部分人認(rèn)為的觀點(diǎn)，“tough”有“堅(jiān)定;堅(jiān)強(qiáng)”的含義，與“determined”是一組同義替換。

　　匹配題的文章往往比較長(zhǎng)，對(duì)考生而言生詞量也非常大，當(dāng)然最考驗(yàn)考生的，是快速識(shí)別與檢索信息的能力，同時(shí)一定程度上考察考生對(duì)部分表達(dá)同義替換的掌握程度。解答這類題型一定要切記，采取略讀的閱讀策略，在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)，把握最主要的信息，切忌拘泥于原文細(xì)節(jié)。

　　2018年12月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)仔細(xì)閱讀真題答案