第11題

　　Electronic mail has become an extremely important and popular means of communication.

　　The convenience and efficiency of electronic mail are threatened by the extremely rapid growth in the volume of unsolicited commercial electronic mail. Unsolicited commercial electronic mail is currently estimated to account for over half of all electronic mail traffic, up from an estimated 7 percent in 2001, and the volume continues to rise. Most of these messages are fraudulent or deceptive in one or more respects.

　　The receipt of unsolicited commercial electronic mail may result in costs to recipients who cannot refuse to accept such mail and who incur costs for the storage of such mail, or for the time spent accessing, reviewing, and discarding such mail, or for both. The receipt of a large number of unwanted messages also decreases the convenience of electronic mail and creates a risk that wanted electronic mail messages, both commercial and noncommercial, will be lost, overlooked, or discarded amidst the larger volume of unwanted messages, thus reducing the reliability and usefulness of electronic mail to the recipient. Some commercial electronic mail contains material that many recipients may consider vulgar or pornographic in nature.

　　The growth in unsolicited commercial electronic mail imposes significant monetary costs on providers of Internet access services, businesses, and educational and nonprofit institutions that carry and receive such mail, as there is a finite volume of mail that such providers, businesses, and institutions can handle without further investment in infrastructure. Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully disguise the source of such mail.

　　Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully include misleading information in the messages'' subject lines in order to induce the recipients to view the messages. While some senders of commercial electronic mail messages provide simple and reliable ways for recipients to reject (or ''opt-out'' of) receipt of commercial electronic mail from such senders in the future, other senders provide no such ''opt-out'' mechanism, or refuse to honor the requests of recipients not to receive electronic mail from such senders in the future, or both.

　　Many senders of bulk unsolicited commercial electronic mail use computer programs to gather large numbers of electronic mail addresses on an automated basis from Internet websites or online services where users must post their addresses in order to make full use of the website or service.

　　The problems associated with the rapid growth and abuse of unsolicited commercial electronic mail cannot be solved by the government alone. The development and adoption of technological approaches and the pursuit of cooperative efforts with other countries will be necessary as well.

　　According to the passage, efficiency of e-mail is threatened by________.

　　A heavy e-mail traffic

　　B fraudulent e-mail messages

　　C large volume of messages

　　D increasing amount of unwanted e-mail

　　第12題

　　Which of the following is NOT true about unwanted e-mail?

　　A It costs money to receive them.

　　B It's free to store them.

　　C It takes time to access them.

　　D It takes time to throw them away.

　　第13題

　　Unwanted e-mail may________.

　　A cause companies to fail in business

　　B cause wanted e-mail messages to lose

　　C damage the credit of a company

　　D do good to a small company

　　第14題

　　Pornographic in Paragraph 3 probably means________.

　　A decent

　　B instructional

　　C sexual

　　D commercial

　　第15題

　　What does unwanted e-mail messages do to the providers of the Internet services?

　　A Raising their cost.

　　B Raising the Internet speed.

　　C Improving their business.

　　D Attracting investment.

　　第16題

　　Disguise in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to________.

　　A reveal

　　B hide

　　C deliver

　　第17題

　　The word "induce" in Paragraph 5 is closest in meaning to________.

　　A cheat

　　B introduce

　　C provide

　　D harm

　　第18題

　　Opt-out mechanism is probably________

　　A a machine that can be attached to your computer

　　B a button that you can make a choice to read or not to read

　　C a software that you can play a computer game

　　D an e-mail that says some good words to you

　　第19題

　　It can be inferred from Paragraph 6 that bulk unsolicited commercial e-mail will probably spread________.

　　A harmful virus

　　B unpleasant news

　　C advertisements

　　D adult jokes

　　第20題

　　The unwanted e-mail problem can be solved if________.

　　A the government takes action

　　B a new technology is adopted

　　C more people are aware of the problem

　　D joint efforts are made and new technology is used