11. In foreign languageteaching，the target language was interpreted as a system of rules tobe observed in texts and sentences，and to be related to the firstlanguage ______ and meaning.

A. words  B.rules

C. sentences D.context

12. In the Direct Method，teachersencourage learners to ______ rules of grammar through active use of the targetlanguage in the classroom.

A. apply   B.analyze

C. induce  D.paraphrase

13. Which of the followingdictionaries is a great contribution made by Homby to EFL teaching?

A. Longman Dictionary ofContemporary English.

B. The Concise OxfordDictionary.

C. Everyman’s EnglishPronouncing Dictionary.

D. The Advanced Learner’sDictionary of Current English.

14. The generative linguist isinterested not only in ______ language but also in explaining language.

A. teaching   B.describing

C. using   D.understanding

15. According to M. A. K.Halliday，which of the following should NOT be accounted for in termsof linguistic events?

A. Form.     B.Context.

C. Substance.   D.Culture.

Ⅱ.Filling Blanks: (20 %)

Directions:In this section，thereare 20 statements with 20 blanks. You are to fill each blank with ONEappropriate word. One point is given to each blank.

16. Bloomfield and Fries wereknown as the representatives of the ______ linguistics.

17. The Natural Approachadvocates that language teaching should emphasize ______ rather than form.

18. According to Skinner，arenowned behaviorist psychologist，______ was much more effective thanpunishment in a teaching situation.

19. The Direct Method got itsname from the assumption that ______ are to be connected directly with thetarget language，without going through the process of translating into thestudents’ native language.

20. A major feature of ______code-learning is the emphasis on explanations of grammatical functioning.

21. Asher，theadvocate of the Total Physical Response method，views the verb，andparticularly the verb in the ______，as the central element aroundwhich language use and learning are organized.

22. Krashen regards provisionof comprehensible ______ and reduction of stress as keys to successful languageacquisition.

23. The establishment of a laboratoryof ______ psychology announced the official birth of the science.

24. The neogrammarians，representedby Hermann Paul，formed the main linguistic basis of the ______ Method.

25. The experts in grammaranalysis and translation approach believed that the human minds could betrained by logical analysis of the classic language，memorizationof complicated rules，and ______ between languages.

26. Books such as A Grammar ofSpoken English on a Strictly Phonetic Basis，A Handbook of English Grammar，Guide toPatterns and Usage in English served as a standard ______ source of basicEnglish sentence patterns for textbook writers.

27. The Cognitive Approachlays emphasis on innate organizing principles in human perception and ______.

28. Notions，accordingto Van Ek and Alexander，are domains in which we use ______ toexpress thought and feeling.

29. Cognitive psychologistshold that language learning is the discovery of the underlying ______ of thelanguage by means of inductive and deductive inference.

30. Chomsky divides thegrammar of a ______ language into core grammar and peripheral grammar.

31. The fundamental purpose oflearning Latin was to study the ______ culture which was worshipped in theRenaissance.

32. In the Natural Approach，to______ stress，learners are not required to speak until they feel ready，butthey are expected to make responses in other ways.

33. Some British linguistsemphasized the close relationship between the ______ of a language and thecontext and situation in which the language was used.

34. The Natural Approachconsiders ______ as the most important element of any language teachingprogram.

35. Two indispensable parts ofCommunicative Language Teaching are supposed to be discourse analysis and______.