2017年自考《英語翻譯》重點試題及答案

　　I.Fill in the following blanks (20%):

　　1/ 翻譯理論又有了新發(fā)展。傅雷在《高老頭·重譯本序》中提出：以效果而論，翻譯應(yīng)當像臨畫一樣，所求的不在形似而在________。60年代錢鐘書在《林紓的翻譯》一文中更進一步提出：文學(xué)翻譯的最高標準是“化”。把作品從一國文字轉(zhuǎn)變成另一國文字，既能不因語文習(xí)慣的差異而露出生硬牽強的痕跡，又能完全保存原有的風(fēng)味，那應(yīng)算得入于________。

　　2/ 漢語自有漢語之美。漢語不注重對客觀現(xiàn)實作符合邏輯的形式的描摹，不執(zhí)著于形式結(jié)構(gòu)的規(guī)范。漢語是一種時現(xiàn)“陰柔之美”(________ )的語言。漢語的魅力系于她的流散和疏放，系于她的暗示力和________。

　　3/ 英語不甘于邏輯的內(nèi)涵，而是將邏輯關(guān)系“________”，以明顯的邏輯標記使自己成為一種重“形合”的語言。而漢語則樂于不動聲色的“________”，在其表層結(jié)構(gòu)上不留或少留邏輯痕跡。

　　4/ 譯文既傳達原文的信息，又盡可能地保持原文的________。直譯是一種重要的翻譯方法。有人估算，翻譯過程中，________的句子要用直譯方法來處理。

　　5/ 陸殿揚先生就曾明確指出：Translate literally, if possible, or, appeal to____________.(如果可能，就直譯;否則就采取_________。)

　　6/ 漢語是一種“________”，寥寥數(shù)詞，就能出意境，出氛圍，出畫面。所以，漢語中許多________的表達要譯成英語，那簡直是要英語的“命”了。

　　7/ 形合與意合是語言學(xué)涉及句法問題的兩個重要概念。其相應(yīng)的英語表達系源于希臘語的________和________。

　　8/ 文體猶如一年中的四季，春夏秋冬，四季分明。文體有正式(the formal style)與非正式(the informal style)之別。再細分，前者含莊嚴體(the Frozen Style)與正式體(the Formal Style);后者含商議體(the Consultative Style)、________(________ )、親密體(the Intimate Style)。正式與非正式之間，也一如四季。

　　9/ 讀歐陽修《豐樂亭記》里的“仰而望山，俯而聽泉”，忽悟：此乃借用白居易《廬山草堂記》“仰觀山，俯聽泉”語。此間僅曾一字，則文氣卻異，除增加了一份舒緩?fù)�，還別有一番行文趣味。初唐杰出詩人王勃27歲就匆匆離開人世，卻給后人留下了傳世名篇《騰王閣序》，此外，他還寫下了“________,________ ”的千古名句。細究之下，此名句乃脫胎于庾信的“落花與芝蓋齊飛，楊柳共春旗一色”。

　　10/ 1.Thirty Years Ago, Man Slipped Bonds Of Earth / 2.Kennedy Drama Brings Tributes, Trauma In U.S. Press

　　兩條標題均隱含幽默。前者________，后者________。

　　II.English to Chinese (20%):

　　1/ You look like AL Capone in that suit.

　　2/ Though a translation may be like old wine in new bottles or a woman in man's clothing, the results can be both tasteful and alive.��

　　3/ It is a long lane that has no turning.

　　4/ My Heyne’s Tibullus was grasped at such a moment. It lay on the stall of the old book-shop in Goodge Street ---- a stall where now and then one found an excellent thing among quantities of rubbish.

　　5/ We had plenty of company in the way of wagon-loads and mule-loads of tourists ---- and dust.

　　6/ Nothing. No tracks but my own are stitched into the dusting of fresh snow, white as birch bark, that fell during the night. No flittering shadows in the trees, not a sliver of bird song in the air.

　　7/ There are seasons of the heart. There are seasons in our lives, just as there are seasons to all of nature. These seasons cannot be forced any more than one can force the coming of spring by pulling at tender blades of grass to make them grow. It took me a while to understand.

　　8/ The young girls laugh as they drive the geese over the rocks; they laugh as they climb the low stone walls with their baskets; they laugh as they call off the wild dogs that threaten to devour the stranger; they laugh most of all on evenings at dance time when the men are home from overseas.

　　9/ Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front of us. Their shadows slept, or almost slept, upon that water, a gentle quivering alone showing that it was not complete sleep, or if sleep, that it was sleep with dreams.

　　10/ But every time I made a move to get it some passing eye detected my purpose, and of course I straightened up then, and looked indifferent, and pretended that I hadn't been thinking about the pear at all. This same thing kept happening and happening, and I couldn't get the pear. I was just getting desperate enough to brave all the shame, and to seize it, when a window behind me was raised, and a gentleman spoke out of it, saying:

　　"Step in here, please."