2019年教師資格證《初中英語》專項突破：閱讀理解_第2頁

二、推理判斷題

　　這種問題主要測試考生聯(lián)系上下文和把握句意，從而進行推理的能力。

　　推理判斷題總是會有一些標(biāo)志性的詞語，如：infer(推斷)，suggest(暗示)，imply(暗示)，

　　indicate(暗示)等。

　　常見問法：

　　It is implied in the passage that ________.

　　What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?

　　What does the underlined word “it” (in paragraph....) means?

　　推理判斷題的解題方法：

　　1. 題內(nèi)選項推理。通過常識或者邏輯推理題內(nèi)選項的正誤，例如兩個相互矛盾的選項通常

　　有一個是對的;

　　2. 定位原文。找出目標(biāo)詞/句/段，聯(lián)系上下文，一一排除，碰到兩難時，以文章主旨為取

　　舍標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　【現(xiàn)場訓(xùn)練】

　　Passage 1

　　Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are

　 disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In

　　hunting and gathering cultures , old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times

　　of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved,

　　whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies, people

　　feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not.

　　It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures _________.

　　A. it was a moral responsibility to keep old-aged people alive

　　B. infants could be left dead in times of starvation

　　C. parents had to impart the cultural wisdom of the tribe to their children

　　D. death was considered to be freedom from hardships

　　【解析】段落首句即主旨句：壽命的延長加重了依賴性負(fù)擔(dān)。題干要求推理狩獵文化下人

　　們對于老弱病殘的態(tài)度。首先看選項，A“讓老人生存是道德責(zé)任”，B“饑荒時棄嬰兒不顧”，兩

　　者對待老弱是截然不同的兩種態(tài)度，我們可以猜測答案在兩者中間產(chǎn)生;然后，定位原文，答

　　案 B 便呼之欲出了。