B
(2015·鄭州質(zhì)量預(yù)測(cè))In 2015, a report from The New England Journal of Medicine showed that increased body weight is related to the death rate for all cancers.This is based on a study involving about 900,000 people, spanning many years.
The study, started in 1992 by the American Cancer Society, included men and women from all 50 states.The youngest participants were 30 years old, and the average age was 57.By December 2008, 24% of the participants had died, just a quarter of them from cancers.In analyzing the results, researchers attempted to take account of such potential factors as smoking, drinking alcohol, taking aspirin and a wide variety of other factors that might otherwise affect the results.
The results are clear: the more you weigh, the greater your risk of dying of cancer will be (up to 52% higher for men and 62% for women).In men as well as women, the only cancers that did not have a strong connection with weight were lung cancer and brain cancer.For women, the strongest correlation with weight was uterine cancer (子宮癌), which is 6.5 times higher for women with a BMI (Body Mass Index) of 40 or more.For men, it was liver cancer, which is 4.5 times higher in most obese(肥胖的) men.
Smokers tend to be more successful in keeping weight off than nonsmokers, slightly reducing the risk.But many of them don't have good lungs.Thus, in another way, they also face risks.
As for why extra weight leads to excess cancer death rate, there's no clear agreement.But the decrease in vitamin D in obese people seems a likely factor.Vitamin D is known to have a role in preventing cancer.Also, there is a simple fact that obesity makes the management of cancer more difficult.Although for now there is no simple answer to why obesity increases a person's cancer risk, all we know for certain is that the risk is real.
5.The passage is mainly concerned with the relationship between ________.
A.diet and cancer B.body weight and cancer
C.sex and cancer D.smoking and cancer
6.The author develops the passage mainly through ________.
A.time order B.space order
C.analysis and comparison D.figures and examples
7.The underlined word “spanning” in the first paragraph probably means “________”.
A.lasting B.including
C.happening D.changing
8.According to the passage, what can we learn about the study?
A.There is a clear explanation concerning why obesity leads to more cancers.
B.Generally speaking, women face fewer risks of dying of cancer than men.
C.Women with a BMI of 40 dying of uterine cancer are more than other women.
D.Smokers are still likely to face risks of dying of cancer though keeping weight off.
答案：
解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：本文是一篇科普說(shuō)明文。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)肥胖會(huì)增加一個(gè)人死于癌癥的幾率，盡管原因尚不確定，但聯(lián)系是確實(shí)存在的。
5.B 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句并結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文主要說(shuō)明了肥胖與各種癌癥有關(guān)系。故選B項(xiàng)。
6.C 解析：推理判斷題。本文第一段提出了中心，第二段介紹了研究過(guò)程，第三、四、五段通過(guò)對(duì)比、分析得出了結(jié)論。故選C項(xiàng)。
7.A 解析：詞義猜測(cè)題�！皊panning many years”在句中作后置定語(yǔ)，修飾“study”，所以根據(jù)第二段可知，這次研究從1992年開(kāi)始到2008年年底結(jié)束，歷時(shí)17年左右，由此可知，“spanning”的意思是“持續(xù)”。故選A項(xiàng)。
8.D 解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知，盡管吸煙者比不吸煙者容易減肥，但許多吸煙者的肺有問(wèn)題，所以也有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，由此可知，D項(xiàng)正確。
Ⅱ.閱讀填空
(2016·山西省四校高三聯(lián)考)
How to Improve Eyesight Naturally
Eyes are important for everybody.You must take care and try everything in hand to keep them in good condition.Here are some tips to improve your eyesight naturally.
__1__
Strain is known to be a factor in many health conditions and eye strain is no exception.Try meditation，yoga or other methods of stress relief to improve your vision and overall health.
Try palming.
Sit upright in a comfortable chair.__2__ Cup your hands so that there is no pressure on your eyes.Let your fingers rest across your forehead.There should be no light entering your eyes.Palming should be done for a period of 5 to 10 minutes to start.Palming should be relaxing.It may help to do palming in a darkened room.
Avoid sugar as much as possible.
__3__ It will unpleasantly affect your eyesight，which affects the eyes by producing a larger amount of insulin (胰島素) in the blood.Therefore you shouldn't be having much fruit juice or something that contains a lot of sugar.
Exercise your eyes.
The only exercise most eyes get is daily rubbing when we're tired or suffering from eye strain.But eye exercise is actually good for your eyes and can improve your vision.__4__ Blink as fast as you can for a few seconds，then close your eyes tightly，open and repeat.Do this exercise 3 to 4 times daily.
Eat healthy foods.
You probably hear the statement all the time that eating the right foods is necessary for good health.__5__ Foods that are high in fiber，vitamin C，D and betacarotene as well as other vitamins and minerals can help improve your vision.Here are a few foods that can be beneficial to good vision: carrots，eggs，blueberries，spinach，kale，grapes，and fresh garlic.
A.Reduce eye strain.
B.Keep your eyes moist.
C.Sugar is your eyes' worst enemy.
D.Give your eyes a workout with the following exercise.
E.You may not be aware that your diet affects your vision，but it does.
F.Close your eyes and cover them with the palms of your hands.
G.Be sure to get plenty of sleep so that your eyes don't strain to stay open during the day.
答案：
1-5 AFCDE
