Passage 3 　　Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

　　一網(wǎng)支招：眼睛麻利些，您會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這些熟悉的字眼：母乳喂養(yǎng)，糖尿病等等。充分利用我們寶貴的常識(shí)儲(chǔ)備吧，因?yàn)槿绱说脑掝}，我們應(yīng)該是忒熟悉的。

　　Breastfeeding (母乳喂養(yǎng)) for a month or longer appears to reduce a woman's risk of getting diabetes (糖病) later in life, according to a new study. The breastfeeding and diabetes link has been reported in other studies, according to researcher Eleanor Schwarz. Yet, her study makes the link easier to believe. Her study is published in a journal of medicine in America. Schwarz and her colleagues looked at data about breastfeeding practices. They evaluated data on 2,233 women f~om Califomia. Of those, 405 were not mothers, 1,125 were mothers who breastfed for at least a month, and 703 were mothers who had never breastfed. They were 40 to 78 years old.

　　According to Schwarz's study, the risk of getting a diagnosis (診斷) of Type 2 diabetes for women who breastfed all their children for a month or longer was similar to that of women who had not given birth. But mothers who had never breastfed were nearly twice as likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birth. Mothers who never breastfed were about 1.4 times as likely to develop diabetes as women who breastfed for one to three months, Schwarz found.

　　While one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference, Schwarz says, even longer is better. (80) “Previous studies have shown the longer the mom breastfeeds, the more benefit for her body.” Many experts recommend breastfeeding for six months and continuing for a year, she says.

　　The diabetes-breastfeeding link is probably explained by belly fat. Mothers, who don't breastfeed, as they get older, may have more belly fat, as breastfeeding helps new mothers take off weight. “Belly fat increases the risk of diabetes as you get older,” she says.

　　The finding isn't surprising at all, says Kimberly Gregory. She often gives advice to women who get diabetes (occurring during pregnancy (懷孕)) that they are at risk for later getting Type 2 diabetes and suggests they breastfeed. The new findings will probably inspire Gregory to add to the-advice she gives moms-to-be about the benefits of breastfeeding. She often focuses on the benefits to the baby.

　　11. According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE?

　　A. About two thousand and two hundred old women took part in the study.

　　B. Eleanor Schwarz's research program was about men and women who suffered from diabetes.

　　C. Over one fifths of the women never got married.

　　D. Eleanor Schwarz's results seem more reliable.

　　【答案】D。答案：此題目帶著選項(xiàng)關(guān)鍵詞去原文中一目一行獵取有價(jià)值的線索，A選項(xiàng)在第一段，人數(shù)是二千多，但是參加者可不是old women，而是40到70之間。出題人是在考察您的眼力哪，如果您不仔細(xì)的話，就錯(cuò)誤選擇了;

　　B選項(xiàng)：同樣在第一段，沒(méi)有提到男人。排除;C選項(xiàng)，原文中沒(méi)有提及，排除;

　　根據(jù)文章第一段“Yet, her study makes the link easier to believe”，可知她的研究使人們更容易信服，即是D選項(xiàng)“more reliable”的同義轉(zhuǎn)述。

　　12. According to Schwarz's findings, who are more likely to get diabetes later in life?

　　A. Those mothers who had never breastfed. 　B. Those mothers who never gave birth.

　　C. Those mothers who breastfed for a month. D. Those mothers who breastfed for six months.

　　【答案】A。答案：充分利用我們寶貴的常識(shí)儲(chǔ)備：母乳喂養(yǎng)的好處。答案是A。

　　認(rèn)證答案：帶著題干關(guān)鍵詞：According to Schwarz's findings，一目一行定位答案范圍在：文章第二段第二句話：“But mothers who had never breastfed were nearly twice as likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birth”可知，從未進(jìn)行過(guò)母乳喂養(yǎng)的母親患糖尿病的幾率是最大的，因此選A。

　　13. Which of the following statements would Schwarz agree with?

　　A. Breastfeeding is not advisable because it is not good for a mom to keep a good shape.

　　B. Breastfeeding can greatly reduce a mother's chances of getting all kinds of serious disease.

　　C. Breastfeeding for a month is highly recommended: the longer, the better.

　　D. Breastfeeding for a month or longer makes babies smarter.

　　【答案】C。答案：利用常識(shí)解題法，五秒鐘解決它。A選項(xiàng)排除，大大有悖于常識(shí)儲(chǔ)備，與12小題相互矛盾;B選項(xiàng)，all 表達(dá)的意思太絕對(duì)，能夠包治百病，引申過(guò)度，排除;D選項(xiàng)不切題，文章主要是說(shuō)母乳喂養(yǎng)對(duì)母親的好處，同時(shí)應(yīng)該是母乳喂養(yǎng)使小孩更加健康，而不是smarter。

　　認(rèn)證答案：文章第三段開(kāi)頭一句While one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference, Schwarz says, even longer is better符合C選項(xiàng)的意思。

　　14. What does the author mean by “moms-to-be” in the last paragraph?

　　A. Women who are pregnant, especially for the first time.

　　B. Women who dream of having babiesfor the first time.

　　C. Women who already have children.

　　D. Women who have just got babies for the first time.

　　【答案】A。答案：其實(shí)此題目我們完全可以從字面上，揪出正確答案來(lái)：moms-to-be，to be 不定式表達(dá)將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，即moms 的動(dòng)作在將來(lái)，意思就是“準(zhǔn)媽媽們”，因此選A“懷孕的女性”。

　　認(rèn)證答案：最后一自然段倒數(shù)第二句話。答案是A。

　　15. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage?

　　A. Breasffeeding May Enhance Babies' Chances of Survival

　　B. Breasffeeding May Lower Moms' Diabetes Risk

　　C. Breasffeeding May Become Very Fashioaable in Near Future

　　D. Breasffeeding May Help Women Lose Weight

　　【答案】B。答案：結(jié)合前面題目提供的信息，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)文章大意是：母乳喂養(yǎng)的好處，降低糖尿病的發(fā)生。與之匹配的選項(xiàng)B。

　　忒詳解：主旨題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹母乳喂養(yǎng)和患糖尿病之間的關(guān)系，及B Breastfeeding May Lower Moms’ Diabetes Risk母乳喂養(yǎng)降低母親患糖尿病幾率。

　　【全 文 翻 譯】

　　根據(jù)最新的一個(gè)研究，進(jìn)行母乳喂養(yǎng)一個(gè)月或者更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間有助于減少女性在后期生活中患糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。據(jù)研究者Eleanor Schwarz說(shuō)，母乳喂養(yǎng)和糖尿病之間的關(guān)系在其他的一些研究中也有報(bào)道過(guò)。但是，她的研究使什么更容易相信這種聯(lián)系。她的研究發(fā)表在了美國(guó)的一家醫(yī)學(xué)期刊上。Schwarz和她的同事們研究了關(guān)于母乳喂養(yǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)。他們?cè)u(píng)估了來(lái)自加利福尼亞州的2233位女性的數(shù)據(jù)。其中，405位不是母親，1125位是進(jìn)行母乳喂養(yǎng)至少一個(gè)月的母親，703位是從來(lái)沒(méi)進(jìn)行過(guò)母乳喂養(yǎng)的母親。他們年齡在40到78歲之間。

　　根據(jù)Schwarz的研究，用母乳喂養(yǎng)至少一個(gè)月或更長(zhǎng)的女性患2型糖尿病的幾率與從未生育過(guò)的女性是一樣的。但是從來(lái)沒(méi)有進(jìn)行過(guò)母乳喂養(yǎng)的母親患病幾率幾乎是從未生育過(guò)女性的兩倍。沒(méi)有進(jìn)行過(guò)母乳喂養(yǎng)的女性患病幾率是進(jìn)行母乳喂養(yǎng)一到三個(gè)月的女性的1.4倍，Schwarz發(fā)現(xiàn)。

　　盡管一個(gè)月的母乳喂養(yǎng)就會(huì)起作用，Schwarz說(shuō)，但是時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)越好。先前的研究表明母親用母乳喂養(yǎng)的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，她身體獲得的益處會(huì)越多。許多專家建議進(jìn)行母乳喂養(yǎng)六個(gè)月，繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持到一年，她說(shuō)。

　　腹部脂肪可以解釋母乳喂養(yǎng)和糖尿病之間的這種聯(lián)系。不進(jìn)行母乳喂養(yǎng)的母親，當(dāng)她們歲數(shù)變大時(shí)，可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生更多腹部脂肪，因?yàn)槟溉槲桂B(yǎng)會(huì)幫助新媽媽們減輕體重。“隨著你年齡的增長(zhǎng)，腹部脂肪會(huì)增加你患糖尿病的幾率”，她說(shuō)。

　　這項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)并不令人意外，Kimberly Gregory說(shuō)。她常常建議(在懷孕期間)患糖尿病的女性說(shuō)她們以后還有患2型糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并且建議她們進(jìn)行母乳喂養(yǎng)。新的發(fā)現(xiàn)將會(huì)鼓舞Gregory更加鼓勵(lì)準(zhǔn)媽媽們以后進(jìn)行母乳喂養(yǎng)。她總是很關(guān)注帶給嬰兒的好處。

　　第二部分 詞匯與結(jié)構(gòu)

　　16. You should carefully think over_____ the manager said at the meeting.

　　A. that B. which C. what D. whose

　　答案：從句接在think over 動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的后面，說(shuō)明這是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句;從句the manager said 缺少賓語(yǔ)，即賓語(yǔ)從句不完整，A選項(xiàng)排除;B選項(xiàng)要求從句前面有所指代，而題干中沒(méi)有，排除;D選項(xiàng)，whose后面接名詞，也沒(méi)有提供，排除;答案是 C。

　　一網(wǎng)支招： what = all that，名詞性從句中that和what 是高頻考點(diǎn) 。至于為什么請(qǐng)參閱本網(wǎng)校語(yǔ)法部分。

　　17. Last week I wrote to the hotel to book a room, but they _____ yet.

　　A. didn't answer B. wasn't answering 　C. hadn't answered D. haven't answered

　　答案：仔細(xì)觀察選項(xiàng)，我們知道此題目考察時(shí)態(tài)。首先判斷語(yǔ)言環(huán)境：根據(jù)句子大意，空格處的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境應(yīng)該是“現(xiàn)在”(但是直到現(xiàn)在都沒(méi)有回復(fù))。故而答案不就一目了然了嗎?答案是D。

　　一網(wǎng)支招：做時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的題目，判斷語(yǔ)言環(huán)境是最最重要的了。即判斷記住是說(shuō)什么時(shí)候的事情，說(shuō)過(guò)去的事情用過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)，說(shuō)現(xiàn)在的事情用現(xiàn)在的時(shí)態(tài);說(shuō)將來(lái)的事情用將來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài)。最最基本的弄清楚出題人的意圖，考察您什么東西，我親愛(ài)的學(xué)員朋友，當(dāng)作一項(xiàng)能力去培養(yǎng)吧。

　　18. Diana felt very much upset at ___to the party as she had longed to go for a long time.

　　A. having not been invited B. not having been invited

　　C. not to be invited D. to be not invited

　　答案：仔細(xì)瀏覽選項(xiàng)，我們知道，此題目考察非謂語(yǔ)。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞invite作介詞賓語(yǔ)，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞invite與主語(yǔ)Diana之間是被動(dòng)的邏輯關(guān)系，因?yàn)椤皼](méi)被邀請(qǐng)參加晚會(huì)”這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作felt之前，所以用非謂語(yǔ)的完成時(shí)，排除A與B選項(xiàng);再者，非謂語(yǔ)的否定詞not要置于非謂語(yǔ)的前面。答案是B。

　　一網(wǎng)溫馨提醒：弄清楚出題人的意圖，是一項(xiàng)我們必須長(zhǎng)期培養(yǎng)的能力。而且一般而言語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)是不會(huì)重復(fù)的。但是這里有三十小題，可能也有例外。千萬(wàn)千萬(wàn)注意那些高頻考點(diǎn)。

　　19. On no account __ held responsible for the car accident, so he should not be put into prison.

　　A. the driver can be B. can the driver be 　C. the driver be D. be the driver

　　答案：仔細(xì)瀏覽選項(xiàng)，出題人的意圖就一目了然了：我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，此題目考察倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)(A與C選項(xiàng)正常語(yǔ)序;B與D選項(xiàng)，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu));所以我們最首先弄清楚的是是否倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如何判斷是否倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)：按照中文的正常語(yǔ)序，不能呆在句首的詞語(yǔ)，而呆在了句首，那么這句話就得倒裝，尤其是那些否定意義的詞語(yǔ)。

　　本題目中的On no account“決不”，按照中文語(yǔ)序，就不應(yīng)該呆在句首，所以需要倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，排除A與C選項(xiàng);但D出現(xiàn)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be原形不對(duì)，不可能沒(méi)有跡象，莫名其妙出現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞原形的，這點(diǎn)也請(qǐng)學(xué)員朋友千萬(wàn)千萬(wàn)注意。

　　20. All the kids are crying now. What_____makes them so unhappy?

　　A. it is B. is it C. it is that D. is it that

　　答案：親愛(ài)的學(xué)員朋友，看到C與D選項(xiàng)，難道您沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)感觸：出題人考察強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)。