VI. Translate the following into Chinese:本大題共2小題,第40小題7分,第41小題8分,共15分。

　　40. Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism, whereby the individual or the business enterprise can shift some of the uncertainty of life onto the shoulders of others. In return for a known premium, usually a very small amount compared with the potential loss, the cost of that loss can be transferred to an insurer.

　　41. Controlling costs is the first major motivation for engaging in FDI. A foreign country may have lower land prices, tax rates or cost of labor, all of which will reduce the production costs to a considerable degree. Transportation cost which may be very significant for some products will also encourage an enterprise to engage in production in the foreign market through FDI.

　　VI. Translate the following into English:本大題共5小題,每小題5分,共25分。

　　42.對(duì)銷(xiāo)貿(mào)易一般是與有關(guān)國(guó)家的政策日標(biāo)相互聯(lián)系的,如應(yīng)對(duì)外匯短缺和擴(kuò)大出口之類(lèi)的問(wèn)題。

　　43.國(guó)民生產(chǎn)總值和國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值是表明一國(guó)收人的兩個(gè)重要概念。

　　44.在國(guó)際貿(mào)易中進(jìn)出口雙方都面臨風(fēng)險(xiǎn),因?yàn)榭偞嬖趯?duì)方不履約的可能。

　　45.無(wú)論人們是否喜歡.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化已成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的-個(gè)客觀趨勢(shì)。

　　46.除了國(guó)際貿(mào)易和投資,國(guó)際許可和特許經(jīng)營(yíng)有時(shí)也是進(jìn)人國(guó)外市場(chǎng)的一種方式。