Passage 2

 America’s genius with high technology may have put men on the moon, but people are still suspicious about its ability to solve human problems closer to home. In fact, a subtle but significant shift from purely technological solutions is already under way as scientists argue openly for new directions in research.

 A growing number of scientists insist that answers to the world’s problems will not come from a flashier array of electronics and machines. What the Indian farmer needs is some innovative “l(fā)ow” technology—for example, a better one�瞤iece plow that can be pulled by a water buffalo. So solutions must develop from a better understanding of the humans that drive the system and from a fuller appreciation of the limits and potentials of the earth’s resources.

 Industrial officials are concerned by a declining rate of innovation in technology. Patent applications by Americans have been dropping in the US since 1997. Yet many scientists seem to be saying: The need for better televisions, bigger power plants and faster airplanes is not so urgent. The market in the industrialized nations for this kind of technology is actually reaching a saturation point. All this does not say that technological creativity will not play a critical role in solving energy and food shortages, or that answers to environmental difficulties will not come from further advances in the same technologies that may have helped cause the problems. Where the real challenge lies, in the view of the new scientist, is in finding ways to produce goods to meet the world’s needs, using less of the raw materials that are becoming scarce.

61. “Human problems” in paragraph 1 refers to the following EXCEPT ____.

 A. energy shortage                               B. food shortage

 C. environmental pollution                  D. population control

62. According to the passage, the markets in the industrialized nations for high technology are ____.

 A. promising                                       B. developing rapidly

 C. coinciding with the low technology    D. almost reaching its limits

63. Which of the following best summarizes the theme of the passage?

 A. Human problems cannot be solved by the technology.

 B. Technology, in whatever form, should meet the needs of the humans.

 C. High technology is greatly needed in industrialized nations.

 D. How people will make use of raw materials in developing technology.

64. What does the world “Saturation” in the last paragraph mean?

 A. hungry          B. desperate            C. full                  D. satisfactory

65. What is the writer’s attitude toward human problems in the passage?

 A. hopeful          B. pessimistic          C. critical             D. indifferent

非選擇題部分

注意事項(xiàng)：

用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆將答案寫(xiě)在答題紙上，不能答在試題卷上。

五、單詞或短語(yǔ)的英漢互譯（本大題共10小題，每小題1分，共10分）

(一) 將下列詞語(yǔ)譯成中文 （5分）

66. product dependability

67. solar power

68. the required reserve

69. inventory carrying costs

70. GDP

（二）將下列詞語(yǔ)譯成英文 （5分）

71. 貿(mào)易差額

72. 所得稅

73. 比較優(yōu)勢(shì)

74. 可自由支配的收入

75. 需求曲線(xiàn)

六、 英漢句子互譯 (本大題共4小題，共15分）

（一）將下列句子譯成中文

76. Not a few people are vulnerable to advertisement. (4分)

77. The value of iron rests upon its cheapness and its adaptability to an enormous number of uses. (4分)

（二）將下列句子譯成英文

78. 用批量生產(chǎn)方法可降低生產(chǎn)成本。 (3分)

79. 雖然日本的火車(chē)通常很擁擠，但火車(chē)很好，總是準(zhǔn)時(shí)出站和進(jìn)站。 (4分)