Directions: Fill in the blanks with appropriate word(s).

　　1. Language teaching involves three main disciplines. They are linguistics, psychology and ____.

　　2. Linguistics is the study of language as a system of human ____.

　　3. Psycholinguistics is the study of the mental processes that a person uses in producing and understanding language, and how humans learn ____.

　　4. _____ is the study of second and foreign language teaching and learning.

　　5. Sociology is the study of language in relation to ____, such as social class, educational level and so on.

　　6. At a macro level, society and community influence classroom teaching ____.

　　7. The making of foreign language education policy must take into consideration the ____ and educational situation of the country.

　　8. The goals for secondary education are ____ from those for higher education.

　　9. Syllabus determines teaching aims, objectives, contents and ____.

　　10. Teaching materials should agree with or reflect the teaching ____, aims, objectives and teaching methods.

　　11. The ____ approach to language study is concerned with language as an instrument of social interaction rather than as a system that is viewed in isolation.

　　12. The ____ approach to language is to see it in terms of the bits and pieces by means of which it is put together.

　　13. The most common word order in English is ____, with other sentence constituents draped around these key parts in various ways.

　　14. According to the functionalists, language has three functions: ____, expressive, and social.

　　15. ____ is the study of how words combine to form sentences and the rules which govern the formation of sentences.

　　16. According to Skinner, language behavior can only be studied through observation of the ____ factors.

　　17. According to the behaviorists, all learning takes place through ____.

　　18. Mentalism holds that a human being possesses a mind which has consciousness, ideas, etc., and the mind can influence the ____ of the body.

　　19. The interactionalist’s position is that language develops as a result of the complex ____ between the uniquely human characteristics of the child and the environment in which the child develops.

　　20. Chomsky refers to the child’s innate endowment as ____, a set of principles which are common to all languages.

　　21. If the aim of a lesson is “To learn the names of colours” the lesson may focus on a particular ______ .

　　22. The cardinal rule means _________________ .

　　23. “Knowing English” must mean knowing how to __________ in English.

　　24. The three main things that a learner has to acquire when learning a new structure are the form, meaning and _____ of the structure.

　　25. The attitudinal and emotional factors can be expressed in an item of vocabulary. These are often referred to as ____.

　　26. ____ refers to varieties of language defined by their topic and context of use.

　　27. Animal is a super-ordinate term, while cow, horse, pig, dog, cat, etc. are ____.

　　28. There is a lack of consistency between ____ and pronunciation in English.

　　29. Grammar is a description of the ____ of a language and the way in which linguistic units such as words and phrases are combined to produce sentences in the language.

　　30. The emphasis of the product perspective on grammar is on the component parts of the language system, divided up into separate forms. Each form is the ____ of the grammarian’s analysis.

　　31. Process teaching engages learners in ____, formulating their own meanings in contexts over which they have considerable control.

　　32. When we teach grammar as ____, the learner is required to attend to grammar, while working on tasks which retain an emphasis on language use.

　　33. The complex form-function relationship is not a simplified, a one-to-one ____.

　　34. ________ are represented by phonetic symbols because there is no one-to-one correspondence between written letters and spoken sounds.