復(fù)合句

　　重難點(diǎn)精講考點(diǎn)精講

　　命題點(diǎn)1賓語(yǔ)從句

　　〖2〗構(gòu)成規(guī)則例句連接詞連接詞that引導(dǎo)由陳述句變來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)從句。I know (that) he�餴s a teacher.我知道他是個(gè)老師。that...and/but that...引導(dǎo)由并列或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的陳述句變來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)從句。I hear that your father is a singer and that your mother is a dancer.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你的父親是一名歌唱家，你的母親是一名舞蹈家。連詞if或whether引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句、反意疑問(wèn)句或選擇疑問(wèn)句變來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)從句。Could you tell me if/whether it snows in winter in Australia?你能否告訴我澳大利亞冬季下雪嗎?連接代詞、副詞(即疑問(wèn)詞)引導(dǎo)由特殊疑問(wèn)句變來(lái)的賓語(yǔ)從句。Please tell me how you go to school.請(qǐng)告訴我你怎樣去學(xué)校。語(yǔ)序賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。Do you know where Tom lives?你知道湯姆住在哪里嗎?時(shí)態(tài)如果主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)不受限制，根據(jù)實(shí)際情況使用所需要的時(shí)態(tài)。I hear Joan left for Beijing yesterday.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)昨天Joan去北京了。

　　I hear Joan has left for Beijing.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)Joan已經(jīng)去北京了。

　　I hear Joan will leave for Beijing.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)Joan將要去北京。如果主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)只能用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。Kate said she was watching TV this time yesterday.凱特說(shuō)她昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候正在看電視。

　　Kate said she was going to school soon.凱特說(shuō)她不久后去學(xué)校。

　　Kate said she had seen the film before.凱特說(shuō)她已經(jīng)看過(guò)那部電影了。如果賓語(yǔ)從句為客觀真理或普遍事實(shí)，則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Miss Hu said that the earth goes around the sun.胡老師說(shuō)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。如果賓語(yǔ)從句是由when引導(dǎo)的從句或帶有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的從句，則when引導(dǎo)的從句或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的時(shí)態(tài)不變。The teacher wanted to know when the girl was born.老師想要知道這個(gè)女孩的出生日期。

　　Tom said he had worked here since he left school.湯姆說(shuō)他自從離開(kāi)學(xué)校后，就在這工作了。如果賓語(yǔ)從句中含有過(guò)去具體的年、月、日，則其時(shí)態(tài)保持不變。I heard Lucy was born in nineteen eighty-six.我聽(tīng)說(shuō)露西出生于一九八六年。否定前移如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think, guess, believe等動(dòng)詞，且接有否定的that賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常將否定詞提前到主句中。I do not think that Alice is an American.我認(rèn)為艾麗絲不是美國(guó)人。復(fù)合

　　結(jié)構(gòu)在think, find, make等接有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞之后，為避免句子頭重腳輕或關(guān)系模糊，常用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而將真正的作賓語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)從句放在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之后，即用“及物動(dòng)詞加it加賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)加賓語(yǔ)從句”結(jié)構(gòu)。I think it important that we should learn swimming well.我認(rèn)為我們學(xué)好游泳是重要的。賓語(yǔ)從句法口訣

　　賓語(yǔ)從句三注意，時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)序、引導(dǎo)詞。主句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句時(shí)態(tài)隨句義。

　　主句若是過(guò)去時(shí)，主從時(shí)態(tài)要一致。賓從表達(dá)是真理，一般現(xiàn)在帶過(guò)去。

　　引導(dǎo)詞也不難，陳述要用that連。一般問(wèn)句表“是否”，if或whether來(lái)引導(dǎo)。

　　特殊問(wèn)句作賓從，疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)就能行，還有一點(diǎn)要說(shuō)明，陳述語(yǔ)序要記清。

　　主句動(dòng)詞“猜想”詞，“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”莫忘記。特殊用法記心間，學(xué)好賓從不一般。

　　命題點(diǎn)2定語(yǔ)從句

　　關(guān)系詞功能先行詞例句that, who主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)whom, that賓語(yǔ)人物Do you know the girl who/that often comes here?你認(rèn)識(shí)經(jīng)常來(lái)這兒的那個(gè)女孩嗎?He�餴s the boy(whom/that) I talked with just now.他是和我剛才談話(huà)的男孩。that, which主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)事物、時(shí)間、

　　地點(diǎn)、原因A dictionary is a book that/which gives the meanings of words.字典是一本給出單詞意思的書(shū)。The school(that/which) we visited yesterday is a famous one in Shanghai.昨天我們參觀的那所學(xué)校在上海很出名。I�饂ill never forget the days(that/which) we spent together.我將永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我們一起度過(guò)的日子。This is the factory(that/which) we visited yesterday.這是昨天我們參觀的工廠。定語(yǔ)從句用法口訣

　　主句型，從句型，兩種句子要完整。從句緊靠先行詞，關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)要弄清。

　　定人用who或whom，定物which當(dāng)先用。關(guān)系代詞有that，定人定物有本領(lǐng)。

　　定時(shí)間要用when，定地點(diǎn)where行。關(guān)系代(副)詞作成分，唯作賓語(yǔ)可以省。

　　命題點(diǎn)3狀語(yǔ)從句

　　類(lèi)別連詞例句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句when/while/as 當(dāng)什么時(shí)，since自從(什么到現(xiàn)在)，until/till 直到……，as soon as 一什么就什么I was doing my homework when he came.當(dāng)他來(lái)的時(shí)候，我正在做家庭作業(yè)。條件狀語(yǔ)從句if如果We�饂ill go to see you if we are free.如果有空，我們就去看你。原因狀語(yǔ)從句because因?yàn)?since既然，as由于Since everyone is here, letus begin the meeting.既然大家都在，那我們開(kāi)始開(kāi)會(huì)。目的狀語(yǔ)從句so that以便;為了Please speak slowly so that we can follow you.請(qǐng)說(shuō)慢點(diǎn)，這樣我們才能跟上你。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句so that結(jié)果是，so/such什么that.....