1.Because he was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (×)
Because he was ill yesterday, he didn’t go to work. (√)
He was ill yesterday, so he didn’t go to work. (√)
[析] 用 though, but 表示“雖然……,但是…… ”或用 because, so 表示“因?yàn)椤浴?/P>
時(shí),though 和 but 及 because 和 so 都只能擇一而用,不能兩者同時(shí)使用。
2.The Smiths have moved Beijing. (×)
The Smiths have moved to Beijing. (√)
[析] 不及物動(dòng)詞后接名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),要在動(dòng)詞之后加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~;但不及物動(dòng)詞后接 home,
here, there 等副詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞之后不必加任何介詞。
3.The box is too heavy for him to carry it. (×)
The box is too heavy for him to carry. (√)
[析] the box 既是這句話的主語(yǔ), 也是不定式 to carry 的邏輯賓語(yǔ),若句末再加上 it,就和 the box
重復(fù)了。
4.Each of the boys have a pen. (×)
Each of the boys has a pen. (√)
[析] 復(fù)數(shù)名詞前有表個(gè)體的 each of, one of, every,either of 等詞組修飾,或有表否定的 neither
of, none of 等詞組修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。
5.例:那是你心軟!我不就是一個(gè)例子嗎?
Neither he nor you is good at English. (×)
Neither he nor you are good at English. (√)
[析] either... or..., neither... nor..., not only..., but also... 等詞組連接句子的兩個(gè)
主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞遵循“就近一致原則”, 即由靠近謂語(yǔ)的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)決定謂語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)用何種形
式。
6.Ten minus three are seven. (×)
Ten minus three is seven. (√)
[析] 用英語(yǔ)表示加(plus)、減(minus)等數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也用單數(shù)形式。
7.The number of the workers in this factory are about 5,000. (×)
The number of the workers in this factory is about 5,000. (√)
[析] the number of 表示“……的數(shù)量”,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;a number of 的意思是“若干”
或“許多”,相當(dāng)于 some 或 a lot of,和復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
8. 例. Hello! I have important something to tell you. (×)
Hello! I have something important to tell you.
(√)
[析] 形容詞或動(dòng)詞不定式修飾不定代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),修飾成分要置于不定代詞之后。
9. His son is enough old to go to school. (×)
His son is old enough to go to school. (√)
[析] enough 作形容詞修飾名詞時(shí),可以放在名詞前,也可放在名詞后;作副詞修飾形容詞或副詞
時(shí),只能放在形容詞或副詞之后。
10.. Here is your sweater, put away it.(×)
Here is your sweater, put it away. (√)
[析] put away, pick up, put on 等“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的詞組后接代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),代詞只能放在
動(dòng)詞和副詞之間。
11. Look! Here the bus comes.(×)
Look! Here comes the bus.(√)
[析] 在以 here, there 引起的陳述句中,若句子的主語(yǔ)是名詞,要用倒裝語(yǔ)序,即用“Here /There+
動(dòng)詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu);但主語(yǔ)若是代詞時(shí),則不用倒裝語(yǔ)序, 即用“Here/There +代詞+動(dòng)詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。
12. I do well in playing football, _______. (我妹妹也行。)A. so my sister does(×)B.
so does my sister(√)
Li Lei is really a football fan. --- _______. (確實(shí)這樣.) A. So is he(×)
B.
So he is(√)
[析] “so+be 動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)”的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)表示前面所述情況也適用于后者,意為“……也是這
樣”;“so+主語(yǔ)+be 動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞”的陳述結(jié)構(gòu)表示對(duì)前述情況的肯定,意為“……確實(shí)如此”。
13.重慶比中國(guó)的其他城市都大。
Chongqing is larger than any city in China. (×)Chongqing is larger than any other city
in China. (√)
[析] “any city in China”包括了重慶這座城市, 同一事物自己與自己不能做比較,只有在 city
前加上 other 才能表示重慶和中國(guó)的其它城市比較大小。
The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than Beijing. (×)
The weather in Guangzhou is warmer than that in Beijing . (√)
[析] 表示比較時(shí),句子中的兩個(gè)比較對(duì)象必須一致,不同的比較對(duì)象不能做比較。錯(cuò)誤句的比較
對(duì)象分別為 the weather in Guangzhou 和 Beijing,這兩個(gè)不同類的事物之間不能做比較。
14, His sister married with a teacher last summer.(×)His sister married a teacher last
summer. (√)
[析] 表達(dá)“A 和 B 結(jié)婚”,要用 A married/will marry
B。這時(shí)務(wù)必要避免受漢語(yǔ)影響使用 A
married/will marry with B。
15. 例 There is going to have a film tonight. (×) There is going to be a film tonight.
(√)
[析] 一般將來(lái)時(shí)用在 There be 句式中時(shí),be going to 或 will 之后的動(dòng)詞原形只能用 be,也就
是說(shuō)要用 There is (are) going to be.... / There will be....。
16. 例 I’ll go hiking if it won’t rain next Sunday. (×)I’ll go hiking if it doesn’
t rain next Sunday.(√)
[析] 習(xí)慣上在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中,如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了一般將來(lái)
時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。
17.例 Teacher told us yesterday that the earth went around the sun.
(×)
Teacher told us yesterday that the earth goes around the sun.
(√)
[析] 習(xí)慣上在含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中,主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了一般過(guò)去時(shí),從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用
過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)。但如果從句表述的是一客觀事實(shí)或客觀真理時(shí),則不受主句時(shí)態(tài)的影響,而用一
般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。
18. All the balls are not round. 翻譯成漢語(yǔ):
所有的球都不是圓的。(×)并不是所有的球都是圓的。(√)
[析] all, every, both 等詞和 not 連用時(shí),not 通常放在 all, every, both 的后面,一般情況下
表示部分否定,意為“并非……都……”。
19. 例--- He didn’t go to school yesterday, did he?-- _______, though he didn’t feel
very well.
A. No, he didn’t (×)