要寫好結(jié)尾段，首先我們要明白結(jié)尾段在全文起到的作用是什么。一般說來，結(jié)尾段是用來重申立場的(restatement of thesis)，這里值得注意的是，結(jié)尾不要再出現(xiàn)新的論點(diǎn)了，哪怕它非常具有說服力，這時(shí)也必須忍痛割愛，否則就會(huì)因缺乏論證以及缺乏前后呼應(yīng)而失分。

　　結(jié)束全文的五種方式：

　　A、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)式 Bossy Style

　　領(lǐng)導(dǎo)就是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，一拿起話筒就特有“范兒”。托福作文的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)式結(jié)尾一般都是回顧主體段的觀點(diǎn).偶爾高興了還會(huì)再小展望一下未來。

　　比如Kaplan中這個(gè)關(guān)于“班級(jí)規(guī)模到底應(yīng)該多大合適”的結(jié)尾段就是純粹的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)式(但是請(qǐng)注意它沒有照搬上文的詞句，而是paraphrase和summary，這一點(diǎn)請(qǐng)要當(dāng)“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)”的朋友們切記):

　　Reducing class size is not just a matter of relieving(減輕)pressure. It will enhance what a student learns and even the person they learn it from can learn from this process. (The End)

　　很大牌吧?兩句話就結(jié)束全文，根本不給你反駁的機(jī)會(huì)。

　　再看這個(gè)處級(jí)干部:

　　In conclusion, university education should not be made free. I believe in that because the colleges need the money to make them better. If the universities are free, taxes will be raised and people will have to pay for things they might not use.

　　此外，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)式結(jié)尾中還有一種極度囂張的形式，已經(jīng)接近給讀者最后通牒，所以這樣的結(jié)尾也可以稱為“大爺式”。

　　比如Princeton Review中的這個(gè)結(jié)尾段，就是典型的mogul style:

　　In conclusion, I have shown that it's better for teachers to encourage their students to question things. Without curiosity there can be no education.

　　領(lǐng)導(dǎo)式結(jié)尾非常適合作“一邊倒”作文的結(jié)尾段，不過要注意這種寫法除了轉(zhuǎn)述上文外，最好能再深入寫一點(diǎn)相關(guān)的引申，這樣顯得結(jié)尾更充實(shí)。

　　B、家長式 Tender-loving-care Style

　　家長式結(jié)尾也同樣帶有較強(qiáng)的概括性，但語氣比領(lǐng)導(dǎo)式濕馨很多.有堅(jiān)實(shí)的群眾基礎(chǔ)，讓考官接受起來不會(huì)有屈辱感。

　　比如下面這個(gè)Education類結(jié)尾:

　　For those reasons, we can safely conclude that classmates are too important a factor to ignore and they have more important influence than teachers on students' success at school.

　　是不是?完全以理服人。

　　句句都是暖人心的話。由于家長式結(jié)尾特有的溫情一面，它既適合一邊倒的結(jié)束語，也適合作折中式的結(jié)尾。不過需要注意:家長也畢竟還是有決策權(quán)的，不能完全讓孩子(你的讀者)去自己選擇.所以家長式結(jié)尾還是要有明顯傾向性的.只不過是用比較容易接受的方式說出來而已了。

　　C、憤青式 The beat generation style

　　看名宇就很好理解，對(duì)話題冷眼看待.有一種自命清高的書生氣。但如果確實(shí)語言功底不錯(cuò)，而且確信能把自己不同流合污的價(jià)值取向表達(dá)清晰，用這種結(jié)尾倒真是相當(dāng)不俗的。多給大家看個(gè)例子:

　　Needless to say, both sources are important to us. But in my opinion, knowledge from experience is even more important because without experience, it's almost impossible to understand knowledge from books'or to understand how to apply this knowledge in real life.

　　這種結(jié)尾通常是先用Apparently, ../Clearly, .../Needless to say,…/It goes without saying that...等表達(dá)在結(jié)尾段首對(duì)辯論話題表示不屑，然后再用However,…/But.../Yet.../Nevertheless, ... / Still,…這類詞匯引出一兩句表明自己態(tài)度的結(jié)束語。

　　與家長式的“可正可反.不同，憤青式特別適合一邊倒的高分作文結(jié)尾段。但注意寫好它的關(guān)鍵并不是激動(dòng)地發(fā)泄對(duì)社會(huì)的不滿.而是有論證依據(jù)的、建立在充分說理基礎(chǔ)上的表達(dá)改變現(xiàn)狀的合理愿望。

　　D、小秘式 Gold-Digger Style

　　這種結(jié)尾的特色就是.順著說“，比較適合已經(jīng)放棄了努力去改變社會(huì)的幻想、等著社會(huì)來改變自己的考生。

　　比如下面這個(gè)高分范文結(jié)尾段:

　　I would like to say that I personally agree with the statement that music tells us something about a culture, and with my example I wanted to illustrate how much of the culture of a country it is

　　possible to learn about just listening to its music.

　　再比如這個(gè)關(guān)子“教育重要還是讓小朋友多玩兒重要“的結(jié)尾:

　　I agree that formal education at an early age offers children benefits at all levels and therefore is more important than letting them play. After all, kids can always play after school but learning

　　at school stimulates(激發(fā))their brain growth and puts them in competitive social settings, which is indeed irreplaceable experience for such a critical stage of life.

　　(irreplaceable這個(gè)詞用得很妙——不可替代的.嘴這么甜的小秘一定人見人愛吧?)

　　上面講的四類結(jié)尾是托福作文考試中最常用的四種結(jié)尾手法。但請(qǐng)注意:如果你的作文主體用的是“折中式”寫法.那么在結(jié)尾通常還是要重點(diǎn)傾向于其中的某一方，而不是雙方各同意50%,否則你的結(jié)尾將轉(zhuǎn)化成下面這種類型:

　　E 、和稀泥式 Goodie-Goodie Style

　　這種文章在結(jié)尾還是不表明任何一種態(tài)度傾向，完全是“大團(tuán)圓”。請(qǐng)看下面關(guān)于“遠(yuǎn)程教育好還是到教室上課好”的結(jié)尾段實(shí)例:

　　下面ETS 0.G.中的滿分范文結(jié)尾段更是“和”中高手:

　　The time to live Independently depends on the person himself. He must decide whether they're ready to leave their parents to have an independent life or not. The decision will vary from one

　　person to another. A person should judge that he's capable of fulfilling his needs without being dependent on his parents; this indicates that he's ready for his independent life. Otherwise he

　　might need to stay longer with his parents.

　　先用3句繞口令似的句子，最后提出到底應(yīng)該何時(shí)開始獨(dú)立取決于孩子自身的判斷能力。depends on往往是“和稀泥’式的標(biāo)志詞。