托福寫作:多點(diǎn)真誠少用"套路"
很多考生在備考的時候,比較依賴一些套句,這種備考方式可能是大家以前在準(zhǔn)備一些國內(nèi)考試時養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣。學(xué)生在習(xí)慣了一個“套路”后,背一些觀念和表達(dá),然后用到的套句里。這種方法看似簡單不用動腦,但它有兩個缺點(diǎn):
一是,一些套句很多考生都在使用,而考官看得太多之后,會認(rèn)為某些過度依賴套句或模板的考生可能不具備獨(dú)立寫作的能力。特別是當(dāng)很多同學(xué)文章里具體內(nèi)容很少的時候,這些套句會顯得格外扎眼,會導(dǎo)致考官給你比較低的分?jǐn)?shù)。
二是,套句比較生硬,學(xué)生為了使用看似“高級”的套句擴(kuò)充字?jǐn)?shù)而生搬硬套,導(dǎo)致文不對題,可能直接會影響考生在任務(wù)回應(yīng)(Address Task Efficiently)方面的成績。
那么怎么減少對套句依賴呢?我們需要多想想前因后果。
第一,我們可以用原因狀語從句,也就是since, because, as等連詞引導(dǎo)的從句
例如: There is no denying that young adults who do not receive tertiary education may find it difficult to survive in the increasingly competitive job market.
這個句子用了There is no denying that 的套句,如果去掉后,我們可以用什么替代呢?
我們可以思考原因,為什么沒接受高等教育的人很難在競爭激烈的工作市場中生存,可能是因為大多數(shù)公司喜歡雇傭高學(xué)歷的人或者說高學(xué)歷在社會上非常重要。
這句話我們可以改成:Young adults who do not receive tertiary education may find it difficult to survive in the increasingly competitive job market because the majority of companies tend to hire job applicants who hold bachelor degree or even master degree.
或者是:As academic qualification is highly valued in the modern society, young adults who do not receive tertiary education may find it difficult to survive in the increasingly competitive job market.
再舉個栗子:It should also be noted that keeping regular exercise is of great important for young people.
這個句子用了It should also be noted that 的套句,如果去掉后,我們可以用什么替代呢?
我們可以思考原因,經(jīng)常鍛煉為什么對年輕人有好處呢?通過運(yùn)動,我們可以變得更健康,并且有可能減少得肥胖癥、糖尿病等疾病的可能;我們也通過一些體育運(yùn)動比如慢跑、打羽毛球等釋放壓力,變得更快樂,等等。
這句話可以改成:Keeping regular exercise is of great important for young people since we can improve physical fitness and we are less likely to suffer from health problems such as obesity or diabetes.
或者是:Keeping regular exercise is of great important for young people due to the fact that sports activities such as jogging or playing badminton enable us to release stress.
第二,多思考結(jié)果?梢允褂媒Y(jié)果狀語從句,或者使用其他引導(dǎo)結(jié)果的句子結(jié)構(gòu)也是一個不錯的辦法。
栗子1:The idea lies in the fact that a considerable number of young people try to learn English rather than study their mother tongue.
如果不使用the idea lies in the fact that的套句,我們想一想年輕人學(xué)習(xí)英語而不是母語這個現(xiàn)象的結(jié)果。例如,這個行為可能會導(dǎo)致一些少數(shù)語言的消失、同時文化多樣性也受到影響。使用結(jié)果狀語從句,句子可以改為:
A considerable number of young people try to learn English rather than study their mother tongue so minority languages may die out and cultural diversity is affected adversely.
栗子2:It is worth mentioning that young people are obsessed with electronic devices with up-to-date features.
這個句子也使用了套句,如果去掉后,我們除了可以思考原因(年輕人為什么癡迷于購買最新的電子產(chǎn)品)之外,還可以說年輕人大量購買電子產(chǎn)品所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果。例如,過度消費(fèi)可能會給他們的家庭造成經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)。
使用非限定性定語從句表示結(jié)果:
Young people are obsessed with electronic devices with up-to-date features, which may impose a financial burden on their families.