托福閱讀30天備考之備考練習第三天

　　TPO 1 PASSAGE 3 THE ORIGIN OFTHEATRE

　　下列十個句子的信息是一篇Passage 的核心信息，所以也是出題點。朗讀下列句子，你的語感就能慢慢地提高。

　　1) The most widely accepted theory, championed by anthropologists inthe late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, envisions theater asemerging out of myth and ritual. (championed 的中文意思， =put forward)

　　2) Having little understanding of natural causes,it attributes both desirable and undesirable occurrences to supernatural ormagical forces, and it searches for means to win the favor of these forces. (非常嚴謹?shù)恼Z法結(jié)構(gòu)，典型體現(xiàn)英文的特點)

　　3)Asa result, it may abandon or modify some rites. But the myths that have grown uparound the rites may continue as part of the group’s oral tradition and mayeven come to be acted out under conditions divorced from these rites.

　　4)Whenthis occurs, the first step has been taken toward theater as an autonomous activity, and thereafter entertainment and aesthetic values may gradually replace the former mystical and socially efficacious concerns.(類似A取代B 這種描寫事物更替的信息，很容易成為考點。)

　　5) Thus, the recalling of an event (a hunt, battle, or other feat) iselaborated through the narrator’s pantomime and impersonation and eventually through each role being assumed by a different person. ( recall 和assume讀懂了，就進入了托福閱讀體系了。)

　　6) Admiration for the performer’s skill,virtuosity, and grace are seen as motivation for elaborating the activities intofully realized theatrical performances. (抽象名詞的表達)

　　7) Another, advanced in the twentieth century, suggests that humans have a gift for fantasy, through which they seekto reshape reality into more satisfying forms than those encountered in dailylife. ( advance的意思，put forward, 和一句很有思想的話，值得反復看。)

　　8) Thus, fantasy or fiction (of which dramais one form) permits people to objectify their anxieties and fears, confrontthem, and fulfill their hopes in fiction if not fact. The theater, then, is onetool whereby people define and understand their world or escape from unpleasantrealities. (承接上個句子，復述這句話，你就是半個哲學家了。)

　　9) For example, one sign of this conditionis the appearance of the comic vision, since comedy requires sufficientdetachment to view some deviations from social norms as ridiculous rather thanas serious threats to the welfare of the entire group. (本文最難的一個句子，經(jīng)常用來考老師)

　　10)some early societies ceased to consider certain ritesessential to their well-being and abandoned them, nevertheless, they retainedas parts of their oral tradition the myths that had grown up around the ritesand admired them for their artistic qualities rather than for their religious usefulness. (事物的更替，又是一個出題點)