2016年托福語(yǔ)法解析：動(dòng)詞不定式

　　動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞在TOEEL測(cè)試中不算活躍的考題，但出題頻率比較穩(wěn)定，即不頻繁，亦無(wú)間斷。命題焦占主要集中在動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的基本功能及正確形式，即(1)不定式to后面接原形動(dòng)詞，(2)動(dòng)名詞具有動(dòng)詞和名詞兩重功能，介詞后面的動(dòng)詞必須以動(dòng)名詞形式出現(xiàn)。不定式和動(dòng)名詞�？碱}型

　　1. 不定型工to后面接原形動(dòng)詞

　　全真例題分析

　　(1) Astronauts circling the Earth may get to seen sixteen sunrises and sixteen sunsets every day. (93.8)

　　[答案] C 動(dòng)詞不定型式的標(biāo)志to后面應(yīng)接動(dòng)詞原形see。

　　(2) Using their bills as needles, tailorbirds sew large leaves together with plant fiber to forming their nests. (90.10)

　　[答案] D to forming應(yīng)改為to form正確的不定式形式。

　　(3) The poetry of e.e cummings illustrates the way in which some poets bend graminastical rules as they strive to expression their insights. (91.10)

　　[答案] D動(dòng)詞不定式to后面只能接原形動(dòng)詞，不能接名詞。

　　(4) The dromedary camel is raised especially to racing. (91.1)

　　[答案] D這是一個(gè)非常簡(jiǎn)單的動(dòng)詞不定式錯(cuò)誤形式的考題。Recing應(yīng)改為race,與to組成不定式。

　　2. 動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)

　　解題要點(diǎn) 不定式結(jié)構(gòu)在句中可以作多種成分，目的狀語(yǔ)則是TOEEL�？嫉降男问健�動(dòng)詞不定型式作目的狀語(yǔ)的命題主要分布在structure (1-15題)中。

　　全真例題分析

　　(1) A fuel is a substance used ------- light, heat .or energy .

　　(A) generating

　　(B) generates

　　(C) to generate

　　(D) it is generating

　　[答案] C 根據(jù)句意及結(jié)構(gòu)，此句固選擇動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。

　　(2) ------ stereophonic phonograph records, two recordings are made of the same musical performance.

　　(A) Creates

　　(B) Created

　　(C) The creating of

　　(D) To create (92.10)

　　[答案] D 這是典型的不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)的句子。目的狀語(yǔ)放在句首是表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。

　　(3) ------- time and labor, cartoonists generally draw the hands of their characters with only three fingers and a thumb.

　　(A) Saved

　　(B) Saves

　　(C) To save

　　(D) The saving (91.5)

　　[答案] C 此句與上面例題結(jié)構(gòu)相同。不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)，且放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)。

　　3. 動(dòng)名詞的正確用法

　　解題要點(diǎn) 有關(guān)名詞的考題并不很多，但有一個(gè)常出現(xiàn)的題型;介詞后面的動(dòng)詞一定要用動(dòng)名詞形式，作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。

　　全真例題分析

　　(1) Microwave cooking can be accureately described as the first absolutely new method of prepare food since the discovery of fire (94.1)

　　[答案] C 介詞of后面應(yīng)接動(dòng)名詞形式，即of preparing。

　　(2) Most crickets have two pairs of fally developed wings, and mascular hind legs for iump. (94.1)

　　[答案] D 動(dòng)名原形jamp位于介詞for后面，故應(yīng)改為動(dòng)句詞jamping。

　　(3) Because it is a healthful way to exercise derobic dancing is considered an excellent method for release tension. (93.1)

　　[答案] D 動(dòng)名詞原形release位于介詞for后面，故應(yīng)改為動(dòng)名詞releasing。

　　(4) The Cubist movement in art was reaction against traditional methods of portray reality. (90.5)

　　[答案] C 動(dòng)詞原形portray應(yīng)改為動(dòng)名詞portraying即作前面介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，自身又帶賓語(yǔ)reality。