類型：學(xué)習(xí)教育
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But for the leaders in business, the information surge has triggered its own unintended consequences, especially for those over 40.Today new employees arrive on their first day with an alarming amount of know-it-all.They have already read about you, and the online critiques of your plans, strategies and management style.The bloggers and the twitters all receiving steady streams of in-house gossip analyze, assess and ridicule every business moment.In this environment, traditional management is impossible.The hierarchical, layered structures in which company information is carefully managed and then selectively passed down the line have crumbled.The online era has made command-and-control management as another dial-up Internet.
Although decision-making has always been the task of a leader, it has become harder. The online world has guaranteed that every remark about your business and every change you implement will trigger a viral frenzy of second-guessing.Borrowing from the black bag of politics, your competitors will also be spreading their version of “opposition research”, feeding the blogosphere with critiques of your leadership.
So the greatest task for leadership in business is the ability to cut through the information clutter and make clear decisions without apology.More than at any time, employees need unequivocal direction.Leaders should not only grow a thicker skin, but also understand how important they can be to their own team by interpreting both the news and the disinformation.When some CEOs spoke to an audience, they were often required to talk about their reaction to some recent press story or the latest legislative debate.These are wonderful opportunities for leadership.Employees, investors, customers and business partners are heartened by those who can sift through the flood of opinion and clearly communicate what matters and what doesn't 一 to the enterprise.
Of course, communication cannot be a one-way street.The central role of information in business life has made two other much neglected leadership tasks more urgent.
The first is listening.Listening to your employees at every level is one of the best paths to new insights.Precisely because the Internet has made information so plentiful, your own team is likely to be full of ideas that should be tapped into.
The second obligation that information creates for executives is to identify and mentor thought leaders.It is pressing to find those employees who have the ability to digest and interpret information for others.
The flood of information is only going to rise.Leadership will increasingly mean leveraging that information, clarifying it, and using it to advance your strategy, engage customers and motivate employees.Business stakeholders are interested not only in your products and services, but also in your ideas.
單選題第1題What does the expression “the Niagara of information” underlined in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A.Rising information.
B.The region of Niagara.
C.Information flooding.
D.The information about Niagara.
參考答案：C
答案解析：近義表述。第一段開篇即表明互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代的信息是一把雙刃劍，然后就是本句
“ all of us in business have been swept up by the Niagara of information ''，從短語(yǔ) “sweep
up （橫掃）”可以判斷，“Niagara of information”是一種隱喻，或者夸張，因?yàn)槟?
亞加拉大瀑布是世界第一大跨國(guó)瀑布，在信息大爆炸的今天，信息如洪流一般傾瀉而
來(lái)，因此選項(xiàng)C正確。這一點(diǎn)也可以通過(guò)第八段第一句話來(lái)印證。
單選題第2題What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A.Challenges presented by information.
B.The change of information transmission.
C.Management of the online era.
D.Leaders in the information age.
參考答案：A
答案解析：段落大意。第二段第一句為主題句，其中的關(guān)鍵表述為“the information surge has
triggered its own unintended consequences”，主要的后果是公司管理信息沒有秘密，即
使新入職者也know-it-all;其次是原有的信息的層層管理體系被打亂，信息管控模式成
了撥號(hào)上網(wǎng)模式。綜合起來(lái)，對(duì)公司管理帶來(lái)了新挑戰(zhàn)，因此選項(xiàng)A是正確選項(xiàng)。
單選題第3題Which of the following is NOT the unexpected result of the information surge?
A.Traditional management is out of date.
B.The command-and-control system is no longer useful.
C.Company information management is impossible.
D.Inside information can still exist.
參考答案：D
答案解析：正誤判斷。第二段中間從In this environment開始，選項(xiàng)A、B、C先后出現(xiàn)了
相同或相似的表達(dá)：The hierarchical, layered structures in which company information is
carefully managed and then selectively passed down the line have crumbled. The online era
has made command-and-control management as another dial-up Internet.只有選項(xiàng)D沒有提
到，因此是本題的答案。
單選題第4題The author compares the command-and-control management to “dial-up Internet” (underlined in Paragraph 2) because_______.
A.the management patterns are similar
B.both of them are no longer implemented
C.both of them are affected in the online era
D.both of them are time-consuming
參考答案：B
答案解析：比較判斷。如第82題所述，第二段第一句為主題句，強(qiáng)調(diào)信息井噴時(shí)代帶來(lái)的
后果，緊接著列舉事實(shí)給予證明，最后一句“The online era has made command-and-
control management as another dial-up Internet” 作為總結(jié)。 這一句里將 “command-and-
control management” 和 “dial-up Internet” 做了比較，大意為“網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)代使得信息管控
成了另一個(gè)撥號(hào)上網(wǎng)”，其中“另一個(gè)”清楚表明作者的態(tài)度，因?yàn)閾芴?hào)上網(wǎng)現(xiàn)在也
過(guò)時(shí)了，那么信息管控模式面臨同樣的命運(yùn)不再使用。
單選題第5題The word “alarming” underlined in Paragraph 2 means_______.
A.surprising
B.obvious
C.awful
D.disgusting
參考答案：C
答案解析：近義表述。原句為 “Today new employees arrive on their first day with an alarming
amount of know-it-all”，從本句語(yǔ)境來(lái)看，“alarming”的大意是“大量的，令人驚懼
的”。這里，“awful”有一個(gè)使用頻度較低的意義，《柯林斯詞典》的解釋是“You
can use awful with noun groups that refer to an amount in order to emphasize how large that
amount is”，即“awful”與名詞連用強(qiáng)調(diào)大量的。
單選題第6題According to the passage, what is the top concern for business leadership in this environment?
A.A clear direction.
B.Dynamism.
C.Information resources.
D.Communicating ability.
參考答案：A
答案解析：主旨大意。短文最后一段中的 “Leadership will increasingly mean leveraging
that information, clarifying it, and using it to advance your strategy, engage customers and
motivate employees”可以作為全文的結(jié)論，其中核 心表述為權(quán)衡這樣的信息，清楚闡
明它，并為我所用。因此，符合句意的表述為A。
單選題第7題The word “those” underlined in Paragraph 4 refers to_______.
A.listeners
B.employees
C.executives
D.customers
參考答案：C
答案解析：語(yǔ)篇銜接。those出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)境為 “These are wonderful opportunities for leadership.
Employees, investors, customers and business partners are heartened by those who can sift
through the flood of opinion...”上文己經(jīng)提到“l(fā)eadership”應(yīng)如何處理海量信息，緊接
著本句論及 “those who can sift through the flood of opinion”，所以 “those” 回指前面
的“l(fā)eadership”，即選項(xiàng)C所表述內(nèi)容。
單選題第8題The phrase “sift through” underlined in Paragraph 4 means_______.
A.collect
B.examine
C.view
D.combine
參考答案：B
答案解析：近義表述。本題涉及的句子與第27題為同一句，即“Employees, investors,
customers and business partners are heartened by those who can sift through the flood of
opinion...” “sift through” 的本義就是 “examine carefully”，即仔細(xì)鑒別，篩選，
過(guò)濾。即使不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)詞，也可以根據(jù)上下文加以推斷，因?yàn)橄挛奶岬搅?“flood of
opinion” 等。
單選題第9題A business leader in the information age needs to_______.
A.be arrogant about decision-making without apologizing for any mistakes
B.remain confident without listening to different views
C.keep his head above the huge quantity of information
D.be a good spokesperson to the press and to the audience
參考答案：C
答案解析：細(xì)節(jié)識(shí)別。本題的問題是企業(yè)領(lǐng)袖在信息時(shí)代需要做的事，第八段開始就提到
Leadership will increasingly mean 其大意為“企業(yè)領(lǐng)袖需要在海量信息中竭力保持
情緒頭腦”，即keep his head above …。
單選題第10題Which of the following can be the title of this passage?
A.Leadership in the Information Age
B.Information Impact on Business Management
C.Leadership Styles in the Information Age
D.Employee-Employer Relationship in the Information Age
參考答案：A
答案解析：補(bǔ)充標(biāo)題。回顧每一段的主題句，第一段指出信息時(shí)代的利弊；第二段表明對(duì)于企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者而言，信息時(shí)代觸發(fā)了沒有預(yù)料到的后果；第三段表明企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界無(wú)時(shí)無(wú)刻不在接受監(jiān)督；第四段講到商業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者必須具備在海量信息中明辨是非、果敢決策的能力；第五、六、七段提出商業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者還需善于傾聽、善于選拔人才；最后一段做出總結(jié)：商業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者應(yīng)能篩選信息，辨別良莠，利用信息推動(dòng)自己的戰(zhàn)略。由此可見，整篇文章講的是信息時(shí)代的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，故選擇A。
涉及考點(diǎn)
2020翻譯三級(jí)綜合能力考試大綱
二、閱讀理解
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