As the federal government shutdown approaches the two-week mark, it's become
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Unlike the last lengthy shutdown in 2013, the Trump administration this time has opted to keep the national parks open but largely unstaffed.Private concession operators and nonprofit groups have helped with maintenance where they can.Some states have dipped into their own coffers to keep parks staffed and operating 一 at least for a while.Many other states, including California, have not.
With tens of thousands of park employees furloughed, that means many parks have no workers collecting entry fees at the gates, patrolling the campgrounds or emptying the garbage cans and portable toilets.But the visitors keep coming.The lack of maintenance and oversight is taking a toll.There are reports of illegal camping and off-road driving in sensitive habitat areas.Unsupervised tourists were harassing elephant seals at the Point Reyes National Seashore, prompting officials to close off part of the beach.
Visitors have posted pictures on social media of overflowing garbage bins.Empty champagne bottles were left strewn on the ground at Joshua Tree.Yosemite officials had to restrict entry to certain areas of the park after the accumulation of human urine and feces became a health hazard.The National Park Service has the authority to turn away visitors for safety, health or environmental protection reasons.That’s what the Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks did Wednesday，when they dosed large sections because of concerns that visitors could be endangered on icy roads and hiking trails.
And the threat isn't just to the natural wonders and to public safety.The national parks are full of cultural and historic resources that could be damaged or stolen with so little oversight and protection.During the 2013 shutdown, the Obama administration ordered the national park system completely closed.That was a controversial decision at the time.Visitors who had traveled great distances to visit the parks were turned away.Local businesses that rely on park tourism suffered.Others saw the closures as a political tactic by President Obama to drum up negative publicity for the Republican-led shutdown.But given the damage currently being inflicted on the nation’s most majestic open spaces, temporarily closing some parks might be the best way to protect them.
Indeed, as one former National Park Service director said, keeping the parks open but unstaffed is like leaving the Smithsonian open without employees minding the priceless artifacts.It invites abuse and practically guarantees damage to some of the nation’s most treasured public lands.
Yes, ifs a loss to the tourists who planned their vacations around a visit to Yosemite Valley, or who had hoped to hike through the forests of Sequoia National Park.Yes, there will be an economic cost for local communities.But that is the cost of a government shutdown.The political stalemate in Washington the failure of President Trump and congressional leaders to reach a budget deal as they haggle over his insistence on a costly border wall has real-world consequences.
The nation’s most magnificent public assets shouldn’t be sacrificed to this political battle.Ifs worth noting that the national park system already struggles with an $11-billion backlog of deferred maintenance and with massive crowds that stress existing capacity.There are potholed roads，crumbling trails，aging sewer systems in need of repair to prevent contamination of nearby streams.Throwing open the gates to all comers with little control or oversight only exacerbates those problems.
Americans love their national parks, but don't always treat them with the care they deserve.The parks should shut down until the federal government reopens.
單選題第1題The public can no longer run amok in the national parks for the reason that______.
A.the federal government has been shut down
B.the parks are unsupervised
C.the environment there has been destroyed
D.visitors to these parks are not behaving properly
參考答案：D
答案解析：細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題千關(guān)鍵詞定位第1段第1句，最后兩句提到公園里垃圾遍 地、糞水橫流，顯然是游客不文明行為導(dǎo)致的，故正確答案為D。
單選題第2題The word “coffers” underlined in Paragraph 2 is synonymous with______.
A.resources
B.funds
C.saves
D.banks
參考答案：B
答案解析：語(yǔ)義題。coffers意為“資金”，故正確答案為B。
單選題第3題In Paragraph 3, the author mentions illegal camping, off-road driving and harassing elephannt seals in order to indicate that______.
A.the national parks are in a mess
B.visitors are doing harm to the national parks
C.the government shutdown has negative effects on the national parks
D.the national parks are taking a toll on maintenance
參考答案：C
答案解析：推斷題。舉例的目的是為了說(shuō)明觀點(diǎn)，即前一句The lack of maintenance and oversight is taking a toll（缺乏監(jiān)管和維護(hù)正造成損失），而監(jiān)管和維護(hù)的缺失是政府停擺（government shutdown）造成的，故正確答案為C。
單選題第4題All the following measures have been taken to handle the problems caused by the shutdown EXCEPT that______.
A.part of the Point Reyes National Seashore was closed off
B.certain areas of Yosemite were restricted for entry
C.the National Park Service turned away visitors
D.the Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks closed large sections
參考答案：C
答案解析：推斷題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)定位第4段，仔細(xì)甄別后可知，C與原文（國(guó)家公園管理 局有權(quán)拒絕游客進(jìn)入景區(qū)）不符，因?yàn)橛袡?quán)并不等于真的這么做，故正確答案為C。
單選題第5題Which of the following statements is NOT true of President Obama?
A.He ordered the government to close all the national parks in 2013.
B.His decision to close the national parks was much disputed.
C.He closed the national parks to show the negative effects of the Republican-led shutdown.
D.He believed closing some parks might be the best way to protect them.
參考答案：D
答案解析：推斷題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)定位第5段，仔細(xì)甄別后可知，D與原文（目前關(guān)閉一部 分公園也許是最 佳的保護(hù)方法）不符，因?yàn)閵W巴馬執(zhí)政時(shí)公園是全部關(guān)閉的，故正確答案為D。
單選題第6題In Paragraph 6, “the Smithsonian” is most likely a______
A.shop
B.museum
C.hotel
D.library
參考答案：B
答案解析：推斷題。本句將the Smithsonian與免費(fèi)開(kāi)放但無(wú)人值守的公園進(jìn)行了類比，可知兩者應(yīng)該都是公益場(chǎng)所，更何況其中有“價(jià)值連城的工藝品”，可以推 斷是博物館，故正確答案為B。
單選題第7題The word “stalemate” underlined in Paragraph 7 is the closest in meaning to______
A.impasse
B.situation
C.argument
D.stagnation
參考答案：A
答案解析：語(yǔ)義題。stalemate意為“僵局”，故正確答案為A （僵局）。
單選題第8題According to Paragraph 8, the national parks______.
A.have limited funds for maintenance
B.have limited capacity for incoming visitors
C.have sewer systems to be repaired
D.have broken roads and trails
參考答案：A
答案解析：推斷題。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)定位第8段，仔細(xì)甄別后可知，A與原文（110億美元維修資金未到位）一致，故為正確答案。
單選題第9題The best title for the passage is ______.
A.The Problems of the National Parks
B.Government Shutdown Crisis
C.The Future of the National Parks
D.The National Parks: Open or Shut Down?
參考答案：D
答案解析：主旨題。本文講述了美國(guó)國(guó)家公園因政府停擺出現(xiàn)的許多問(wèn)題，討論了特朗普總統(tǒng)繼續(xù)開(kāi)放公園的舉措是否正確，提出了可行的解決方案。根據(jù)相關(guān)性和 全面性的原則，正確答案為D。
單選題第10題The author’s attitude toward the government’s decision is______.
A.neutral
B.critical
C.indifferent
D.supportive
參考答案：B
答案解析：態(tài)度題。作者在文章最后一段提出，國(guó)家公園應(yīng)關(guān)閉至政府恢復(fù)運(yùn)作，可見(jiàn)作者對(duì)特朗普政府的舉措持否定意見(jiàn)，故正確答案為B （批評(píng)的）。
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