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When you look up, how far back in time do you see?
Our senses are______(91)in the past.There's a flash of lightning, and then seconds pass until we______(92)the rumble of distant thunder.We hear the past.We are seeing into the past too.
But as we look further afield, we can peer further back.______(94)through a telescope, we can look even further into the past.If you really want to look back in time, you need to look up.
The Moon is our nearest celestial neighbor a world with valleys, mountains and craters.It's also about 380,000km away, so it takes 1.3______(95)for light to______(96)from the Moon to us.We see the Moon not as it is, but as it was 1.3 seconds ago.
The Moon doesn't change much from instant to instant, but this 1.3-second delay is______(97)when mission control talks to astronauts on the Moon.Radio waves travel at the speed of light, so a message______(98)mission control takes 1.3 seconds to get to the Moon, and even the quickest of______(99)takes another 1.3 seconds to come back.
It's not______(100)to look beyond the Moon and further back in time.The Sun is about 150 million km away, so we see it as it was about 8 minutes ago.
Even our nearest planetary neighbors, Venus and Mars, are tens of millions of kilometers away,______(101)we see them as they were minutes ago.When Mars is very______(102)to Earth, we are seeing it as it was about three minutes ago, but at other times light takes more than 20 minutes to travel from Mars to Earth.
This______(103)some problems if you're on Earth controlling a Rover on Mars.If you're driving the Rover at 1km per hour then the lag,______(104)to the finite speed of light, means the Rover could be 200 meters ahead of______(105)you see it, and it could travel another 200 meters after you command it to hit the brakes.
Not surprisingly, Martian Rovers aren't breaking any speed records, travelling at 5cm per second (0.18kph or 0.11mph). On-board computers help with driving, to prevent rover wrecks with rovers following carefully______(106)sequences and using on-board computers to______(107)hazards and prevent punctures.
Let's go a bit further out in space.At its closest to Earth, Saturn is still more than a billion kilometers away, so we see it as it was______(108)than an hour ago.
When the world______(109)into the Cassini spacecraft's plunge into Saturn's atmosphere in 2017, we were hearing echoes from a spacecraft that had already been destroyed more than an hour before.
So when you look up, remember you aren't seeing things as they are______(110); you're seeing things as they were.
單選題第1題91空應(yīng)該填()。
A.stuck
B.fallen
C.blocked
D.kept
參考答案:A
答案解析:詞語搭配。be stuck in是固定搭配,意為“困住,陷于”,此句意為“我們的感官總是停留在過去”。其他選項(xiàng)均不符合題意,故選A。
單選題第2題92空應(yīng)該填()。
A.see
B.fell
C.view
D.hear
參考答案:D
答案解析:語境推理。根據(jù)后面的the rumble of distant thunder,我們可以判斷雷鳴是聽見的。這句話的意思是“一道閃電劃過,幾秒后,我們才能聽到遠(yuǎn)方轟隆隆的雷鳴聲”。其他選項(xiàng)均不符合題意,故選D。
單選題第3題93空應(yīng)該填()。
A.But
B.Yet
C.Since
D.While
參考答案:D
答案解析:邏輯銜接。本句大意為“聲音每三秒鐘傳播約一公里,而光每秒傳播30萬公里”,While用于句首,兩句之間形成意義對比的銜接關(guān)系,故選D。
單選題第4題94空應(yīng)該填()。
A.Looked
B.Be looked
C.Looking
D.Being look
參考答案:C
答案解析:語法搭配。此選項(xiàng)考查非謂語動詞,原文中,邏輯主語為we,與動詞look是主謂關(guān)系,且這里存在“主動”的概念,所以應(yīng)選擇looking。這句話的句意為“通過望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀察,我們可以進(jìn)一步了解過去”。其他選項(xiàng)均不符合題意,故選C。
單選題第5題95空應(yīng)該填()。
A.milliseconds
B.seconds
C.microseconds
D.nanoseconds
參考答案:B
答案解析:語境推理和詞義辨析。通過后文“but as it was 1.3 seconds ago”可知此處應(yīng)選擇seconds。詞義辨析:milliseconds毫秒,seconds秒,microseconds微秒,nanoseconds納秒,故只有B選項(xiàng)符合題意。
單選題第6題96空應(yīng)該填()。
A.travel
B.track
C.wend
D.spread
參考答案:A
答案解析:語境推理。前文的“l(fā)ight travels 300,000 kilometres every second”,光傳播和聲音傳播都用travel,其他選項(xiàng)均不符合題意,故選A。
單選題第7題97空應(yīng)該填()。
A.perceptible
B.negligible
C.sensible
D.impossible
參考答案:A
答案解析:詞義辨析。mission control意為“航天地面指揮中心”,本句大意為“月球雖然在短暫的時(shí)間里變化不大,但當(dāng)?shù)孛嬷笓]中心與月球上的宇航員對話時(shí),這1.3秒的延遲卻是可感知的”。詞義辨析:perceptible可感知的,negligible可忽略不計(jì)的,sensible意識到的,impossible不可能的,故只有A選項(xiàng)符合題意。
單選題第8題98空應(yīng)該填()。
A.at
B.from
C.on
D.under
參考答案:B
答案解析:語境推理。前半句大意為“無線電波以光速傳播,因此航天地面指揮中心發(fā)出的信息需要1.3秒才能到達(dá)月球”。根據(jù)語境推斷,信息是來自航天地面指揮中心的,故選B。
單選題第9題99空應(yīng)該填()。
A.replies
B.solutions
C.questions
D.answers
參考答案:A
答案解析:語境推理。句子大意為“無線電波以光速傳播,因此來自航天地面指揮中心的信息需要1.3秒才能到達(dá)月球,即使是最快的回復(fù)也需要1.3秒”。此處應(yīng)選擇replies與come back相呼應(yīng),故選A。
單選題第10題100空應(yīng)該填()。
A.easy
B.simple
C.plain
D.hard
參考答案:D
答案解析:語境推理。因月球比太陽離地球更近,后一句大意為“太陽距離地球大約1.5億公里,所以我們看到的是大約8分鐘前的樣子”。前一句大意為“我們不難看到月球以外的其他星球,進(jìn)而追溯更遠(yuǎn)的過去”。根據(jù)詞義辨析,故只有D選項(xiàng)符合題意。
單選題第11題101空應(yīng)該填()。
A.since
B.for
C.so
D.but
參考答案:C
答案解析:邏輯銜接?疾檫B詞的選擇,此句大意為“即使我們最近的行星鄰居金星和火星,也在數(shù)千萬公里之外,()我們看到的是它們幾分鐘前的樣子”。根據(jù)前后句意,可以判斷出此處為因果關(guān)系,故選C。
單選題第12題102空應(yīng)該填()。
A.close
B.approaching
C.distant
D.remote
參考答案:A
答案解析:語境推理。本句大意為“當(dāng)火星離地球最近時(shí),我們看到的是它大約三分鐘前的樣子,但在其他時(shí)候,光從火星到地球需要20多分鐘”。根據(jù)上下文判斷,此處應(yīng)選A。
單選題第13題103空應(yīng)該填()。
A.informs
B.presents
C.imposes
D.emerges
參考答案:B
答案解析:語境推理和詞義辨析。此句大意為“如果你在地球上控制火星上的探測車,會帶來一些問題”。根據(jù)詞義辨析:informs通知,presents呈現(xiàn)、顯現(xiàn),imposes強(qiáng)加,emerges出現(xiàn),故只有B選項(xiàng)符合題意。
單選題第14題104空應(yīng)該填()。
A.use
B.lead
C.due
D.take
參考答案:C
答案解析:詞語搭配。此句意為“如果探測車以每小時(shí)一公里的速度前進(jìn),由于光的傳播速度是一定的,通過計(jì)算時(shí)間延遲,可以推測出它的實(shí)際位置可能比我們看到的更靠前200米”。due to固定搭配,意為“由于”,故只有C選項(xiàng)符合題意。
單選題第15題105空應(yīng)該填()。
A.where
B.which
C.that
D.what
參考答案:A
答案解析:語法搭配。這里考查where引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句,此時(shí)where相當(dāng)于the place where,而其他引導(dǎo)詞均不符合題意,故選A。
單選題第16題106空應(yīng)該填()。
A.planned
B.programmed
C.designed
D.arranged
參考答案:B
答案解析:詞義辨析。本段中兩次出現(xiàn)on-board computers,可推斷出此處探測車嚴(yán)格遵照程序運(yùn)作。根據(jù)詞義辨析:planned計(jì)劃中的,programmed給……編寫程序,designed設(shè)計(jì)的,arranged安排的,故只有B選項(xiàng)符合題意。
單選題第17題107空應(yīng)該填()。
A.avoid
B.arouse
C.pose
D.avert
參考答案:A
答案解析:語境推理。本句大意為“探測車遵循程序序列運(yùn)作,避免危險(xiǎn),并防止被刺中”。根據(jù)詞義辨析:avoid避免,arouse引發(fā),pose造成,avert轉(zhuǎn)移,此處avoid也與prevent相對應(yīng),故只有A選項(xiàng)符合題意。
單選題第18題108空應(yīng)該填()。
A.sooner
B.earlier
C.less
D.more
參考答案:D
答案解析:詞語搭配。此句大意為“即使在土星離地球最近的時(shí)候,也仍有十億公里遠(yuǎn),因此我們看到的土星是它一個多小時(shí)以前的樣子”。more than…意為“多于,超過”,故只有D選項(xiàng)符合題意。
單選題第19題109空應(yīng)該填()。
A.tuned
B.looked
C.reached
D.rolled
參考答案:A
答案解析:語境推理。聯(lián)系上文可知,此句大意為“2017年,當(dāng)人們聽(看)到了飛船落入土星大氣層的消息時(shí)……”。根據(jù)詞義辨析,tuned into調(diào)整(收音機(jī)、電視)收聽、收看,looked into調(diào)查、觀察,reached into延伸到,rolled into滾入、慢慢到來,故只有A選項(xiàng)符合題意。
單選題第20題110空應(yīng)該填()。
A.past
B.lapsed
C.bygone
D.now
參考答案:D
答案解析:語境推理。根據(jù)后文“you're seeing things as they were”,本句大意為“所以當(dāng)你抬頭時(shí),記住,你看到的事物不是它現(xiàn)在的樣子,而是它過去的樣子”,由此可以推斷出此處應(yīng)選擇now,故只有D選項(xiàng)符合題意。
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