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2011年1月8日,A以甲公司不能清償?shù)狡趥鶆?wù)且資不抵債為由向人民法院提出破產(chǎn)申請。1月21日,人民法院裁定受理破產(chǎn)申請,指定了管理人

來源:焚題庫  [2019年7月30日]  【
簡答題 2011年1月8日,A以甲公司不能清償?shù)狡趥鶆?wù)且資不抵債為由向人民法院提出破產(chǎn)申請。1月21日,人民法院裁定受理破產(chǎn)申請,指定了管理人,并發(fā)出公告,要求甲公司的所有債權(quán)人在5月21日之前申報(bào)債權(quán)。在申報(bào)債權(quán)到期日前,A申報(bào)到期債權(quán)1000萬元,其中:欠債800萬元,破產(chǎn)受理前違約利息200萬元;B申報(bào)到期債權(quán)1000萬元,該債權(quán)附有乙公司提供的連帶責(zé)任保證;C申報(bào)債權(quán)50萬元,該債權(quán)在一年后到期;D申報(bào)債權(quán)1200萬元,該債權(quán)附有在甲公司一棟樓房上設(shè)定的抵押權(quán)。在6月1日召開的第一次債權(quán)人會議上,管理人和其他債權(quán)人認(rèn)為:A的債權(quán)應(yīng)當(dāng)只計(jì)本金800萬元,不計(jì)違約罰息200萬元;B的債權(quán)不應(yīng)當(dāng)申報(bào),而應(yīng)當(dāng)由連帶保證人承擔(dān);C的債權(quán)未到期,不能確認(rèn);D的債權(quán)有抵押擔(dān)保,無需申報(bào)確認(rèn)。 6月10日,甲公司的控股股東E向人民法院提出申請,請求對甲公司進(jìn)行破產(chǎn)重整。人民法院審查后認(rèn)為,該重整申請符合法律規(guī)定,裁定甲公司重整。隨后,D要求拍賣抵押樓房以清償自己的債權(quán),被甲公司拒絕。重整期間,經(jīng)甲公司申請,人民法院批準(zhǔn),甲公司在管理人監(jiān)督下自行管理公司財(cái)產(chǎn)和營業(yè)事務(wù)。6月30日,甲公司為維持營業(yè)正常進(jìn)行,以其所有的另一棟樓房設(shè)定抵押向銀行借貸1000萬元。10月10日,甲公司向人民法院和債權(quán)人會議提交了重整計(jì)劃草案。該草案的主要內(nèi)容包括: (1)一般債權(quán)人的債權(quán)償還60%,并且分兩年支付;(2)公司股東將其擁有的50%的股份按照債權(quán)比例分配給一般債權(quán)人作為補(bǔ)償;(3)抵押擔(dān)保債權(quán)人的債權(quán)在兩年后可以得到本金的全額支付;(4)自破產(chǎn)申請受理開始,所有債權(quán)停止計(jì)算利息。債權(quán)人會議對上述重整計(jì)劃草案進(jìn)行了分組表決。除擔(dān)保債權(quán)人組外,各類債權(quán)人組和出資人組都通過了重整計(jì)劃草案。甲公司在與擔(dān)保債權(quán)人協(xié)商不成的情況下,申請人民法院批準(zhǔn)了重整計(jì)劃草案。 2012年5月,甲公司按照重整計(jì)劃規(guī)定的30%的支付比例清償?shù)谝还P債務(wù)之后,發(fā)現(xiàn)公司現(xiàn)金嚴(yán)重不足,重整計(jì)劃無法繼續(xù)執(zhí)行。經(jīng)管理人申請,人民法院裁定終止重整計(jì)劃的執(zhí)行,宣告?zhèn)鶆?wù)人破產(chǎn)。甲公司請求一般債權(quán)人返還已經(jīng)支付的30%的清償款。要求:根據(jù)上述內(nèi)容,分別回答下列問題。 (1)人民法院確定的債權(quán)人申報(bào)債權(quán)的期限是否合法?并說明理由。 (2)在第一次債權(quán)人會議上管理人和其他債權(quán)人對A、B、C和D申報(bào)債權(quán)的異議是否成立?并分別說明理由。 (3)甲公司能否拒絕D為清償自己的債權(quán)而拍賣抵押樓房的要求?并說明理由。 (4)在重整期間,甲公司為向銀行借款而以其所有的另外一棟樓房提供擔(dān)保的做法是否合法?并說明理由。 (5)人民法院在擔(dān)保債權(quán)入對重整計(jì)劃有異議的情況下,批準(zhǔn)重整計(jì)劃的做法是否符合法律規(guī)定?并說明理由。 (6)在終止執(zhí)行重整計(jì)劃后,甲公司能否請求一般債權(quán)人返還已清償?shù)目铐?xiàng)?并說明理由。

參考答案:

(1)法院確定的債權(quán)申報(bào)期限不符合規(guī)定。根據(jù)規(guī)定,債權(quán)申報(bào)期限自人民法院發(fā)布受理破產(chǎn)申請公告之日起計(jì)算,最短不得少于30日,最長不得超過3個(gè)月。本題中,債權(quán)申報(bào)期限為1月21日~5月21日,超過了最長期限3個(gè)月,所以不符合規(guī)定。 (1) The court determines claims which do not meet the rules. According to this rule, for the creditors' claim filing period, from the date of bankruptcy petition acceptation, the period cannot exceed 3 months but not less than 30 days. In this question, from 21 January to 21 May, it is the creditor claim filing deadline period. It means that the period exceeds 3 months, so it does not meet the provision. (2)對A的異議不成立。根據(jù)有關(guān)規(guī)定,附利息債權(quán)在破產(chǎn)申請受理前的利息可作為債權(quán)申報(bào)。對B的異議不成立。根據(jù)規(guī)定,債務(wù)人的保證人或者其他連帶債務(wù)人尚未代替?zhèn)鶆?wù)人清償債務(wù)的,以其對債務(wù)人的將來求償權(quán)申報(bào)債權(quán)。但是,債權(quán)人已經(jīng)向管理人申報(bào)全部債權(quán)的除外。所以,債權(quán)人可以直接向管理人申報(bào)全部債權(quán),也可以要求連帶責(zé)任保證人清償。題目中說"應(yīng)當(dāng)由連帶保證人承擔(dān)"不符合規(guī)定。對C的異議不成立。根據(jù)規(guī)定,未到期的債權(quán),在破產(chǎn)申請受理時(shí)視為到期。即可以申報(bào)債權(quán)。對D的異議不成立。根據(jù)規(guī)定,對債務(wù)人特定財(cái)產(chǎn)享有擔(dān)保權(quán)的債權(quán)需依法申報(bào)。 (2) For objection of A, it should be objected. According to the related rules, interest on bond can be seemed as the creditor's rights to declare before the Bankruptcy petition acceptance. For objection of B, it should be objected. According to the rules, the guarantor of the debtor or other joint debtor who has not yet paid off the debt, future claims against the debtor in order to declare creditor's right. However, it is the exception that the creditors have already applied all creditors' rights. Thus, creditor can apply all the credit for the management directly; they also can require the associate creditor to be cleared. In this question, "Shall be borne by the joint and several guarantors" does not meet the rules. For the objection of C, it should be objected. According to the rules, the creditors' rights before maturity should be seemed as the expiration when the bankruptcy is applied. The creditors' rights can be applied. For the objection of D, it should be objected. According to the rules, specific property of the debtor shall enjoy the guaranteed creditor's rights. 1t should be declared in accordance with the law. (3)甲公司可以拒絕D為清償其債權(quán)而拍賣抵押樓房的要求。根據(jù)規(guī)定,在重整期間,對債務(wù)人的特定財(cái)產(chǎn)享有的擔(dān)保權(quán)暫停行使。所以甲公司可以拒絕D的要求。 (3) Company Jia could refuse the requirement that D auctions mortgage buildings for paying off debts. In accordance with provisions, during reforming period, hypothec for debtor's specific properties cannot be exercised temporarily. So Company Jia could refuse the requirement of D. (4)重整期間,甲公司為借款而以另一樓房提供擔(dān)保的做法符合規(guī)定。根據(jù)規(guī)定,在重整期間,債務(wù)人或者管理人為繼續(xù)營業(yè)而借款的,可以為該借款設(shè)定擔(dān)保。所以甲公司的做法符合規(guī)定。 (4) During reforming period, Company Jia uses another building to offer guarantee for debts which is compliance with provisions. In accordance with provisions, during reforming period, if the debts happened by debtor or management as continuing operating, this debt could be guaranteed. So the method which Company Jia applies is compliance with provisions. (5)人民法院直接批準(zhǔn)重整計(jì)劃的做法不符合規(guī)定。根據(jù)規(guī)定,只有在擔(dān)保債權(quán)獲得全額清償,其因延期清償所受損失得到公平補(bǔ)償,并且其擔(dān)保權(quán)未受到實(shí)質(zhì)性損害的情況下,法院才可以強(qiáng)行批準(zhǔn)重整計(jì)劃草案。在本案中,擔(dān)保債權(quán)人因延期清償所受損失未得到補(bǔ)償,法院不能強(qiáng)行批準(zhǔn)重整計(jì)劃草案。 (5)It is not compliance with provisions which The People's Court approvals reforming plan directly. In accordance with provisions, only secure claims are totally paid off, the loss from deferred repayment are compensated fairly, and its hypothec is not injured materially, The People 's Court cloud cram down reforming plan draft. In this case, the loss from deferred repayment of guaranteed debtor is not compensated, The People's Court cannot cram down reforming plan draft. (6)甲公司不能要求一般債權(quán)人返還已清償?shù)目铐?xiàng)。根據(jù)規(guī)定,人民法院裁定終止重整計(jì)劃執(zhí)行的,債權(quán)人因執(zhí)行重整計(jì)劃所受的清償仍然有效,債權(quán)未受清償?shù)牟糠肿鳛槠飘a(chǎn)債權(quán)。 (6) Company Jia cannot ask general creditor repay the money which is paid off. In accordance with provisions, The People's Court ruled that terminating reforming plan exercised, the compensation occurred as exercising reforming plan of creditor is still working, the remaining is treated as credit of bankruptcy.

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