2019年公共英語(yǔ)五級(jí)閱讀模擬題（1）

　　President Clinton‟s decision on Apr.8 to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement on China‟s entry into the World Trade Organization seemed to be a massive miscalculation. The President took a drubbing from much of the press, which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag. The Cabinet and Whit House still appeared divided, and business leaders were characterized as furious over the lost opportunity. Zhu charged that Clinton lacked “the courage” to reach an accord. And when Clinton later telephoned the angry Zhu to pledge a renewed effort at negotiations, the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flop.

　　In fact, Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal. A lot more horse trading is needed before a final agreement can be reached. And without the Administration‟s goal of a “bullet-proof agreement” that business lobbyists can enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress, the whole process will end up in partisan acrimony that could harm relations with China for years.

　　THE HARD PART. Many business lobbyists, while disappointed that the deal was not closed, agree that better terms can still be had. And Treasury Secretary Robert E. Rubin, National Economic Council Director Gene B. Sperling, Commerce Secretary William M. Daley, and top trade negotiator Charlene Barshefsky all advised Clinton that while the Chinese had made a remarkable number of concessions, “we‟re not there yet,” according to senior officials.

　　Negotiating with Zhu over the remaining issues may be the easy part. Although Clinton

　　can signal U.S. approval for China‟s entry into the WTO himself, he needs Congress to grant Beijing permanent most-favored-nation status as part of a broad trade accord. And the temptation for meddling on Capital Hill may prove over-whelming. Zhu had barely landed before Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott (R-Miss) declared himself skeptical that China deserved entry into the WTO. And Senators Jesse A. Helms (R-N.C.) and Emest F. Hollings (D-S. C.) promised to introduce a bill requiring congressional approval of any deal.

　　The hidden message from these three textile-state Southerners: Get more protection for the U. S. clothing industry. Hoping to smooth the way, the Administration tried, but failed, to budge Zhu on textiles. Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, and Detroit. Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on “cultural” restrictions on American movies and music. He also blocked efforts to allow U. S. auto makers to provide fleet financing.

　　BIG JOB. Already, business lobbyists are blanketing Capitol Hill to presale any eventual agreement, but what they‟ve heard so far isn‟t encouraging. Republicans, including Lott, say that “the time just isn‟t right” for the deal. Translation: We‟re determined to make it look as if Clinton has capitulated to the Chinese and is ignoring human, religious, and labor rights violations; the theft of nuclear-weapons technology; and the sale of missile parts to America‟s enemies. Beijing‟s fierce critics within the Democratic Party, such as Senator Paul D. Wellstone of Minnesota and House Minority leader Richard A. Gephardt of Missouri, won‟t help, either.

　　Just how tough the lobbying job on Capitol Hill will be become clear on Apr. 20, when Rubin lectured 19chief executives on the need to discipline their Republican allies. With business and the White House still trading charges over who is responsible for the defeat of fast-track trade negotiating legislation in 1997, working together won‟t be easy. And Republicans-with a wink-say that they‟ll eventually embrace China‟s entry into the WTO as a favor to Corporate America. Though not long before they torture Clinton. But Zhu is out on a limb, and if Congress overdoes the criticism, he may be forced by domestic critics to renege. Business must make this much dear to both its GOP allies and the Whit House: This historic deal is too important to risk losing to any more partisan squabbling

　　1. The main idea of this passage is

　　[A]. The Contradiction between the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.

　　[B]. On China‟s entry into WTO.

　　[C]. Clinton was right.

　　[D]. Business Lobbyists Control Capitol Hill.

　　2. What does the sentence “Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, Detroit” convey?

　　[A]. Premier Zhu rejected their requirements.

　　[B]. The three places overdid criticism.

　　[C]. They wanted more protection.

　　[D]. They are in trouble.

　　3. What was the attitude of the Republican Party toward China‟s entry into the WTO?

　　[A]. Contradictory. [B].Appreciative.

　　[C]. Disapproving. [D]. Detestful.

　　4. Who plays the leading part in the deal in America?

　　[A]. White House . [B]. Republicans.

　　[C]. The Democratic Party. [D]. Businessmen.

　　5. It can be inferred from the passage that

　　[A]. America will make concessions.

　　[B]. America will hold out for a better WTO

　　[C]. Clinton has the right to signal U. S. approval for China‟s entry.

　　[D]. Democratic party approve China‟s entry into the WTO.

　　Vocabulary

　　1. drubbing 痛打

　　get/take a drabbing 遭人痛打

　　2. flip-flop=great change suddenly 游說(shuō)，3. 突然改變，4. 突然反方向。人字拖鞋，

　　5. 趾拖鞋

　　6. hold out 維持，7. 保持

　　hold out for sth. 故意拖延達(dá)成協(xié)議以謀求……

　　8. horse -trading 精明的討價(jià)還價(jià)

　　9. bullet-proof 防彈的

　　10. lobby 收買，11. 暗中活動(dòng)

　　12. lobbyist 院外活動(dòng)集團(tuán)成員

　　13. partisan 黨人，14. 幫派，15. 是黨派強(qiáng)硬支持者

　　16. acrimony 語(yǔ)言/態(tài)度的刻薄

　　19. meddle 干預(yù)

　　20. Capitol Hill 美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)

　　21. budge 使稍22. 微移動(dòng)，23. 改變

　　24. lucrative 有利可圖的，25. 賺錢的

　　26. block 制止

　　27. fleet 艦隊(duì)，28. 船隊(duì)，29. 車隊(duì)，30. 機(jī)隊(duì)

　　31. blanket 覆蓋，32. 妨礙掃興，33. 撲滅

　　34. Capitulate 投降，35. 停止抵抗

　　36. fast track 快速行程(輕車熟路)

　　37. with a wink 眼睛一眨，38. 很快的

　　39. out on a limb 孤立無(wú)援(尤指40. 爭(zhēng)論和意見上)

　　41. renege 違約

　　42. squabble 爭(zhēng)吵

　　難句譯注

　　1. President Clinton‟s decision on Apr.8 to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement…

　　[結(jié)構(gòu)分析] send one packing 打發(fā)人走。

　　[參考譯文] 克林頓于4月8日決定不達(dá)成中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織的協(xié)議便打發(fā)中國(guó)總理朱容基走人。

　　2. The President took a drubbing from much of the press, which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag.

　　[結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析] in the bag 倒手，囊中之物。

　　[參考譯文] 總統(tǒng)遭到許多報(bào)界輿論的抨擊，它們?cè)鴪?bào)道過(guò)這樁買賣(入世貿(mào))已是囊中之物。

　　3. Zhu charged that Clinton lacked “the courage” to reach an accord.

　　[參考譯文] 朱指責(zé)克林頓缺乏達(dá)成協(xié)議的勇氣。

　　4. the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flop

　　[參考譯文] 普遍認(rèn)為總統(tǒng)的姿態(tài)來(lái)了一個(gè)一百八十度的轉(zhuǎn)彎。

　　5. Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal.

　　[參考譯文] 總統(tǒng)故意拖延協(xié)議以謀取一筆更好的入世貿(mào)組織交易的決定完全正確。

　　6. And without the Administration‟s goal of a “bullet-proof agreement” that business lobbyists can enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress, the whole process will end up in partisan acrimony that could harm relations with China for years.

　　[參考譯文] 沒(méi)有商界院外活動(dòng)集團(tuán)成員熱情的勸說(shuō)共和黨國(guó)會(huì)采納政府目標(biāo)中的防彈性(保護(hù)性)協(xié)議，那么整個(gè)過(guò)程將會(huì)以黨派之間的尖刻的爭(zhēng)吵而結(jié)束，這會(huì)影響以后多年和中國(guó)的關(guān)系。

　　7. the Administration tried, but failed, to budge Zhu on textiles.

　　[參考譯文] 美國(guó)政府希望(為紡織業(yè))鋪平道路，試圖使朱在紡織品上讓步，結(jié)果失敗。

　　8. Also left in the lurch: Wall Street, Hollywood, and Detroit.

　　[結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)析] 這句句子連接上文而說(shuō)。

　　Leave sb. In the lurch 固定用法，義：置某人于困難之中棄之不顧，遺棄某人。完整句型應(yīng)該是：Wall Street, Hollywood and Detrait are also left in the lurch.

　　[參考譯文] 同樣也陷于困境的有華爾街，好萊塢和底特律。

　　9. Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on “cultural” restrictions on American movies and music. He also blocked efforts to allow U. S. auto makers to provide fleet financing.

　　[參考譯文] 朱容基總理不允許開放金融股票市場(chǎng)，堅(jiān)持對(duì)美國(guó)電影和音樂(lè)作文化方面的限制規(guī)定，不讓美國(guó)汽車商染指投資汽車。

　　10. Translation. 翻譯。這是作者為共和黨的“The time isn‟t right”做注解/解釋。 寫作方法與文章大意

　　文章以先聲奪人的寫作手法：克林頓不同意中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)打發(fā)朱總理回國(guó)引出兩黨(共和黨和民主黨)矛盾，國(guó)會(huì)和白宮之相反意見(對(duì)比寫法)到最終四方趨向一致來(lái)證明總統(tǒng)決定是對(duì)的--以最好的價(jià)碼使美國(guó)獲得最佳利益為前提同意中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)來(lái)滿足美國(guó)商人的要求。

　　答案祥解

　　1. C. 總統(tǒng)是對(duì)的。這篇文章摘自Business Weekly. 文章是從商人的角度來(lái)看待中國(guó)加入WTO，2. 他們希3. 望從談判中獲得更多的利益，而4. 克林頓的同5. 意不同

　　6. 意的目的和他們相符--爭(zhēng)取更多利益。這篇就是從四方利益最終趨向一致“同7. 意中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)”來(lái)證明“總統(tǒng)結(jié)論正確”的中心思想。

　　第一段指出Clinton由打發(fā)朱總理回國(guó)，不同意中國(guó)入世到一百八十度大轉(zhuǎn)彎，在電話中憤怒的朱總理表示再次努力協(xié)商。內(nèi)閣和白宮官員意見分歧，商人對(duì)失去機(jī)會(huì)火冒三丈。

　　第二段點(diǎn)出克林頓故意拖延以謀取更多的利益的決定是正確的--文章的主旨句。商人院外活動(dòng)集團(tuán)成員要以“政府完美無(wú)缺的協(xié)議的目標(biāo)來(lái)說(shuō)服共和黨贊成/接受。以免整個(gè)過(guò)程以黨爭(zhēng)而告終。

　　第三，四段是商業(yè)方面的高級(jí)官員的代表紛紛卻說(shuō)Clinton“當(dāng)中國(guó)作出許多優(yōu)惠讓步時(shí)，美國(guó)不在那里�！�(意：美國(guó)吃虧了現(xiàn)在不要再吃虧了。)克林頓有權(quán)簽署贊成中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織，可他需要國(guó)會(huì)批準(zhǔn)北京永久性最惠國(guó)作為擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易協(xié)定的組成部分。再說(shuō)對(duì)國(guó)會(huì)的干預(yù)的誘惑力相當(dāng)大：就在朱踏上美國(guó)本土?xí)r，參議院多數(shù)派領(lǐng)袖Trent Lott宣布他對(duì)中國(guó)是該不該入世持懷疑態(tài)度，而參議院Tesse A Helms… 承諾提出一項(xiàng)要求國(guó)會(huì)批準(zhǔn)任何交易的提案。

　　第五段講了朱總理的強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng)。第六段又是共和黨的反對(duì)聲，使民主黨內(nèi)站在北京以便的批評(píng)家也無(wú)能為力。

　　最后一段指出：盡管困難重重，這一歷史事件太重要了，不能因黨爭(zhēng)而冒失失去機(jī)會(huì)的危險(xiǎn)。

　　A. 民主黨和共和黨的矛盾。兩黨之爭(zhēng)見上文譯注，最終還是一致。 B. 論中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織。文章不是論中國(guó)加入而是論美國(guó)環(huán)繞中國(guó)入世貿(mào)的種種。 D. 商人院外活動(dòng)集團(tuán)成員控制國(guó)會(huì)。這在第五段中提到商人院外活動(dòng)集團(tuán)成員阻撓美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)事先接受最終協(xié)議，但不是主題思想。

　　8. A. 朱總理拒絕了他們的要求。見難句譯注9。

　　B. 這三個(gè)地方批評(píng)過(guò)頭。 C. 他們要求更多的保護(hù)。 D. 他們陷入困境。

　　9. A. 矛盾。共和黨一開始就反對(duì)。什么對(duì)中國(guó)該不10. 該加入世貿(mào)組織持懷疑態(tài)度。

　　第六段說(shuō)得更露骨，11. 時(shí)間不12. 對(duì)。意思是他們想把整個(gè)事件看起來(lái)好象克林頓屈從于中國(guó)，13. 忽視了“中國(guó)違反人權(quán)，14. 宗教權(quán)，15. 勞動(dòng)權(quán)，16. 偷竊核武器技術(shù)，17. 把導(dǎo)彈組成部件買給美國(guó)的敵人”等事實(shí)。最后一段共和黨一下子又所他們最終將會(huì)接受中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)組織以表示對(duì)整體美國(guó)的好感。不 18. 管是商人院外活動(dòng)集團(tuán)的作用，19. 還是明確指20. 出重開談判的重要性。這一歷史事件太重要絕不

　　21. 能因黨爭(zhēng)而22. 失去機(jī)會(huì)。共和黨縱然心中不23. 愿，24. 也不25. 得不

　　26. 接受現(xiàn)實(shí)。心情是矛盾的。

　　B. 贊賞。 C. 不贊成。 D. 厭惡。

　　27. D. 商界。第一段中就點(diǎn)出：商界領(lǐng)袖對(duì)失去這次機(jī)會(huì)火冒三丈。第二段中提到商界院外活動(dòng)成員要以實(shí)實(shí)在在的協(xié)議來(lái)說(shuō)服28. 共和黨國(guó)會(huì)， 29. 免得以黨爭(zhēng)告終。第三段明確指30. 出：許多商界院外人士一方面對(duì)協(xié)議未簽定表示失望，31. 另方面又同32. 意，33. 還會(huì)更好的條件。各種和商界直接關(guān)系的高級(jí)官員對(duì)克林頓勸說(shuō)。

　　第五段：紡織，金融股票，汽車以至電影等都是商界的要求。朱總理拒絕的就是商界要求。

　　第六段提及商界院外活動(dòng)的成員制止國(guó)會(huì)事先接受最終協(xié)定。

　　最后一段又是商界使共和黨聯(lián)盟和白宮懂得此事的重要性。

　　34. A. 美國(guó)將會(huì)作出讓步，35. 見上面注釋。商人是絕對(duì)不36. 會(huì)放棄中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的。

　　B. 美國(guó)會(huì)故意拖延以求取得更好的條件。這一點(diǎn)恐怕不會(huì)，見上文注釋。朱總理的強(qiáng)硬立場(chǎng)，商人的見解。 C. 克林頓有簽署批準(zhǔn)中國(guó)入世之權(quán)。 D. 民主黨贊成中國(guó)加入世貿(mào)，這兩項(xiàng)都是事實(shí)。