完型填空與閱讀
Use of English
該部分共有20 小題。在一篇240-280詞的文章中留下20個空白，要求考生從每題所給出的四個選項中選出最佳答案。
答題時應該考慮以下幾個方面：1)通讀全文，考慮上下文的含義;2)運用邏輯推理;3)注意慣用法和固定搭配關系。
Read the following text .Choose the best word or phrase marked A. B. C .or D for each numbered blank.
We often hear the_1_ “Bug” while using computers. But what is a bug? In computer science, a bug _2_ an error in software of hardware. In software, a bug is an error in coding or logic that causes a program to malfunction or to _3_in correct results. Minor bugs, for example a cursor that does not behave as _4_can be inconvenient or frustrating, but not damaging to _5_. More severe bugs can cause a program to “hang” (stop responding to _6_and might _7_the user with no _8_but to restart the program. Losing whatever _9_ work had not been saved. In _10_case, the programmer must find and correct the error by the _11_ known as debugging. Because of the _12_risk to important data, commercial application programs are tested and _13_ as completely as possible before release .Minor bugs found after the program becomes _14_are corrected in next update; more _15_bugs can sometimes be fixed with special software, called patches, that circumvents or otherwise _16_its effects. In hardware, a bug is a recurring _17_problem that prevents a system or set of _18_from working together properly. The_19_ of the term reputedly goes back to the early days of computer at Harvard University was _20_to a moth caught between the contacts of a relay in the machine.
1. a. wording b.term c.diction d.insect
2. a. recurs to b.prefers to c.attributes to d.refers to
3. a. produce b. achieve c. recreate d.attain
4. a.expect b.expectation c.expecting d.expected
5. a. information b.material c.memory d.news
6 a.commands b.monitor c.control d.supervision
7. a. grant b.retain c.leave d.reward
8. a.alternative b.objective c. collective d.derivative
9. a.prestigious b. precarious c.previous d.precious
10.a.both b.either c. neither d. none
11.a.process b. operation c.performance d.action
12.a.promising b.potential c. prospective d.probable
13.a.debugged b.analyzed c.released d.removed
14.a.accessible b.affable c.available d.adaptable
15.a.minor b.major c.important d.severe
16.a.alleviates b.worsens c.reduces d.enhances
17.a.mental b.physical c.formal d. substantial
18.a. ompound b.compositions c.components d.composure
19.a.beginning b.start c.source d.origin
20.a.tracked b.traced c.followed d.detected 解析
1.考查名詞近義詞的辨析。Wording ,diction 指說法，措辭，潛辭造句;Insect 昆蟲; term名詞術語。
2.考查形似動詞詞組辨析。recurs to重現(xiàn); prefers to更喜歡; attributes to歸功于，歸于;refers to 指的是
3. 考察相近動詞辨析 produce 生產，產生; recreate (re前綴表示“再，又”)再創(chuàng)造，再現(xiàn); achieve 和attain 都表示通過努力取得，得到。
4.考查省略句的用法。完整的句子應該是 as it is expected 意思是“正如人們所預想的”，但通常情況下it is 是可以省略的。
5.這是一個常識性的問題，一般情況下小的一般的病毒不會對計算機的-----有一些影響。Information, memory, news是和計算機有關的常用詞，排除了material。有可能對儲存信息和上網看新聞有影響，但對整個信息系統(tǒng)是不會有很大影響的。
6.有些病毒可以導致計算機“死機”，即不執(zhí)行計算機的指令。表示計算機的“指令”，英語中用commands。
7.考查動詞的基本用法。四個選項中，grant， retain，reward都是及物動詞，直接接賓語，不需要賓語補足語。只有l(wèi)eave后面可以用形容詞，介詞短語做賓語補足語，表示“使…停留在某種狀態(tài)”。比如：
He went away, leaving the windows open. 他走了，窗戶開著。
He went away, leaving his little brother in tears.小弟弟還在哭，他就離開了。
8. 考查形近詞辨析。no后面應該接名詞形式，而collective， derivative都只有形容詞詞性。alternative選擇的余地，objective目標，目的。很顯然，“死機使計算機操作者別無選擇只好重新啟動”。
9.考查形近形容詞辨析。prestigious有聲望的，著名的; precarious不穩(wěn)定的; previous先前的; precious珍貴的�！爸匦聠訒r候，先前所有沒有保存的資料就會丟失了�！�
10.考查相近形容詞的用法。both 和neither，是一對反義詞，都修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式;either，表示“任何一個”修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù);none，是代詞，表示三者或三者以上“都不”，單獨使用，要么和of連用。
11.“計算機需要啟動殺毒程序”，程序是計算機專用語， process
12. 考查近義詞辨析�！坝捎趯τ谟嬎銠C重要數(shù)據(jù)的潛在威脅” promising有前途的;potential(that may or can come into existence)可能的，潛在的;prospective(hoped for, looked forward to )有望的，可能的：d. probable(likely to happen or prove to be true)可能發(fā)生或證實的。由此看出，在平時的學習中，用英語本身來理解詞義是很重要的。
13.考查同義詞的辨析。同時考查善于從上下文中獲取信息的能力。“由于對于計算機重要數(shù)據(jù)的構成潛在威脅，因此商業(yè)應用軟件通常要經過檢測和---(殺毒)。”通過上下文，我們知道文章主要是關于計算機病毒的。而且前面也 曾經出現(xiàn)了debug這個詞。
14.考查近義詞的辨析�！耙坏┯辛诉@種程序，小的病毒就會被更正”。 affable和藹的，友善的;adaptable 可適應的。根據(jù)意思可以排除。
accessible(able to be reached or visited)可進入的，可參觀的;
available (able to be used or attained )可獲得的，可用的
The book you want is available in the school bookstore.你要的書學校的書店里就有。
15.考查形容詞的比較級和同義詞辨析�！案鼑乐氐牟《究梢允褂锰厥獾能浖�。
minor， major 沒有比較級。 Important重要的; severe嚴重的。
16.考查對文章意義的理解和同義詞辨析�！案鼑乐氐牟《究梢允褂锰厥獾能浖䜩碜柚共《净蚪档推溆绊憽薄�
Worsen 使嚴重，惡化enhance 提高，促進
alleviate(make less or easier to bear)減輕，緩和
reduces(make small in size, weight, etc) 減少
17.考查形容詞的基本意義�！安《臼怯嬎銠C自身反復發(fā)生的問題”。
mental(人)精神的，大腦的;physical(of the law of nature)自然律的;(of the body)本身的，自身的; formal正式的; substantial真實的，盛大的
18. 考查近義詞的辨析。“病毒會阻礙計算機系統(tǒng)或各個部件和諧運轉”。 compound復合物compositions作文，作曲;components 元素，部件;composure態(tài)度鎮(zhèn)靜沉著
19. 考查近義詞的辨析�！安《镜钠鹪础眀eginning，start開始，開頭;source(place of which sth is from)來源，出處; origin (starting point)
20. 考查動詞的固定用法�！肮鸫髮W的計算機硬件出了問題，起因是一只飛蛾”。be traced to 追究，追溯，源自。
