2018年公共英語四級重點語法資料：虛擬語氣

　　虛擬語氣在主語、表語從句中的運用

　　虛擬語氣還可在主語、表語及同位語從句中使用：

　　1)虛擬語氣在主語從句中的使用：

　　It is important that we work hard. It is essential that the mission not fail.

　　It is appropriate that this tax be abolished. 廢除這項稅收是合適的。

　　另外，在有些這類結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中，主語從句的謂語由“should+動詞原形”構(gòu)成，這是多帶有一些情感色彩，可譯為“竟然”等表示一種不可思議的狀況：

　　It seems so unfair this should happen to me.

　　I think it is dreadful that anyone could be so miserable. 有人竟然這樣悲慘，我感到太可怕了。

　　It’s strange that she should be so late.

　　That they should do such a wicked thing is unthinkable.

　　2)用在表語從句中的虛擬語氣：

　　Our decision is that the school remain closed.

　　Sophia’s idea was that they should lock up the house.

　　Their suggestion is that every member attend at least one meeting per year.

　　3)用在同位語從句中的虛擬語氣：

　　He made the suggestion that they carry on their conversation in Japanese.

　　They expressed the wish that they be given more free time.

　　虛擬語氣在狀語從句中的運用

　　在某些狀語從句中，謂語有時用虛擬語氣，特別是在下面幾類狀語中：

　　1)as if, as though引導的狀語從句：

　　這類狀語從句中的謂語形式和一般虛擬語氣差不多，表示現(xiàn)在的情況時用過去虛擬語氣，表示過去情況時用完成形式：

　　a. I have loved you as if you were my son. He talks as though he knew where she was.

　　b. He talks (talked) about Rome as though he had been there himself.

　　. Fancy you sitting there as if nothing had happened.

　　在look, seem, taste, smell后，as if引導的從句中可以用陳述語氣：

　　It looks as if they are in a terrible hurry. It seems as if we shall have to walk.

　　The meat tastes as if it has gone bad. The milk smells as if it is sour.

　　2)在“be+形容詞”這種結(jié)構(gòu)后的從句，有時用should+動詞原形構(gòu)成謂語：

　　I’m surprised that you should press the suggestion.

　　He was amazed that some countries should express indignation at it.

　　他很驚訝有些國家竟對此感到憤怒。

　　They’re especially anxious that you should come. They were insistent that we be ready.

　　(這類結(jié)構(gòu)的從句用陳述語氣的時候可能更多一些)