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2018年公共英語四級重點語法資料:倒裝句

來源:華課網(wǎng)校   2018-05-17【

2018年公共英語四級重點語法資料:倒裝句

  倒裝句

  英語中常見的倒裝句,除某些疑問句和引導(dǎo)詞there開頭的固定倒裝句型外,還有下列一些情況需要用倒裝語序:

  1.在以here, there或out, in, up, down, away等副詞開頭的句子里表示強調(diào)或表達(dá)生動時。

  Here comes the bus. Away went the girl.

  注意:如果主語是代詞時,不用此倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),例如:

  Here it comes. Away he went.

  2.only修飾狀語位于句首時,后面引起部分倒裝。

  Only in this way can you improve your listening.只有用這種方法你才能提高你的聽力。

  Only when my home town was liberated in 1949 was I able to go to school.

  只有在1949年我家鄉(xiāng)解放時,我才能上學(xué)。

  注意:只限于修飾狀語且狀語可長可短,only修飾其他成分時則不倒裝。例如:

  Only he can work out such a difficult math problem.

  Only him we could find in the classroom just now.

  (only在此強調(diào)主語和賓語,后面并不引起倒裝)

  3.含有否定意義的副詞或連詞位于句首時,起強調(diào)作用,后面引起部分倒裝。例如:

  Not until yesterday did I receive his letter. Not a single mistake did I make.

  注意:

  1)在not only…but also…結(jié)構(gòu)中,僅在not only句中引起倒裝,but also句中不用倒裝形式。

  Not only did I pay off all my debts, but I saved some money to build a new house.

  我不僅還清了債務(wù),還攢錢蓋了一幢新房子。

  2)這些否定副詞如不放在句首,句中不用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:

  He seldom gets up early.(比較:Seldom does he get up early.)

  4.so, neither, not位于句首,表示后面與前面情況相同時,后面用全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。

  My mother is a teacher. So am I. He has never been abroad, neither have I.

  注意:

  1)so用在句首強調(diào)狀語時,后面用部分倒裝。例如:

  So loudly did he speak that everyone in the classroom could hear him clearly.

  2)so如果在后面表示重復(fù)前面的意思時(so=yes),后面不用倒裝。例如:

  It was cold yesterday. So it was. (比較:So is it today.)

  5.as引起的讓步狀語從句中,被強調(diào)部分置于句首。

  注意:

  名詞前不用冠詞,最高級前不加the

  Child as he is, he knows a lot. Youngest as she is, she studies best in our class.

  6.在虛擬語氣條件從句+主句的結(jié)構(gòu)中,條件從句如果省略掉,須將were, had, should等助動詞和主語點到,形成部分倒裝。

  Should he come this morning, tell him to come to my office.

  如果他今天早上來,告訴他到我辦公室來。

  Were I you, I would not let him go. 如果我是你,我就不讓他走。

  7.頻率副詞以及thus, so等副詞位于句首時,后面用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如often, always, once, a time等。

  Often do I tell him about my life here. Thus was the Emperor cheated.

  8.在how和what引起的感嘆句中,以及表示祝愿的句子中,可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:

  How beautiful the garden is! May you be healthy and happy forever!

  根據(jù)以上分析,可以把倒裝的部分情況總結(jié)成下表:

名稱

倒裝規(guī)則

例句

全部倒裝

當(dāng)副詞in, on, out, up, down, away, here, there等位于句首時

1. There goes the bell.

2. Out rushed the girl.

3. In came a woman.

4. A way flew the bird.

但主語為代詞時,則不倒裝:

1. Here it is.

2. Away they went.

3. Not until I see it with my own eyes do I believe it.

部分倒裝

1. only+狀語謂語句首時

2. 當(dāng)hardly, not, no, never, little, neither, nor, seldom位于句首作狀語時

3. 當(dāng)so, such位于句首時

4. 當(dāng)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時

5.當(dāng)not only位于句首時

1. I like music, so does she.

2. Such loud noise was there that I could hardly hear it.

3. Young as he is, he knows more than you.

4. Not only did he likes reading stories, but also he could even write some.

責(zé)編:examwkk 評論 糾錯

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