SECTION 11 Use of English

　　( 15 minutes)

　　Directions:

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark A, B,C, or D on your ANSWER SHEET.

　　It is an unfortunate fact of today's life that most people are growing up unable to see the stars.

　　The prime night sky exists only 26pictures. This is true not only in cities and suburbs, but al-so in 27areas. We have lost our view of the stars and 28our nighttime environment as well.

　　Such a loss29be acceptable if light pollution were the inevitable price of progress, 30it is not. Most sky glow is 31 . It comes mainly from lighting sources that do little to increase32 safety, security or utility. They produce only glare,33over one billion dollars annually in the U.S. alone.

　　34science, the impact has been even more dramatic. Scientists require observations of extremely faint objects that can only be 35 with advanced devices at sites 36of air pollu-tion and urban sky glow. For example, some images of the objects can 37information about faraway comers of the universe, helping us understand the way in 38our world was actually formed.39 , the light from these objects can be lost at the very end of its 40 in the glare of our own sky.

　　Reducing light pollution is not difficult. It 41that public officials and citizens be 42of the problem and act to counter it. As 43people can help reduce sky glow just by 44 lighting only when necessary.

　　The stars above us are a 45heritage. We must do our best to preserve it.

　　26. A. on

　　B. fromC. inD. at "

　　27. A. local

　　B. rural

　　C. industrial

　　D. scenic

　　28. A. mined

　　B. reduced

　　C. dirtied

　　D. wasted

　　29. A. should

　　B. may

　　C. might

　　D. will

　　30. A. but"

　　B. as

　　C. because

　　D. though

　　31. A. inadequate

　　B. invisible

　　C. unpredictable

　　D. unnecessary

　　32. A. nighttime

　　B. lifetime

　　C. peacetime

　　D. longtime

　　33. A. costing

　　B. making

　　C. putting

　　D. raising

　　34. A. At

　　B. From

　　C. For

　　D. Over

　　35. A. accepted

　　B. made

　　C. pushed

　　D. sent

　　36. A. worthy

　　B. typical

　　C. critical

　　D. free

　　37. A. collect

　　B. offer

　　C. share

　　D. save

　　38. A. that

　　B. what

　　C. when

　　D. which

　　39. A. Besides

　　B. Instead

　　C. Therefore

　　D. Yet

　　40. A. march

　　B. visit

　　C.journey

　　D. flight

　　41. A. indicates

　　B. proves

　　C. requires

　　D. shows

　　42. A. ashamed

　　B. aware

　　C. independent

　　D. tired

　　43. A. individuals

　　B. natives

　　C. residents

　　D. victims

　　44. A. fixing

　　B. providing

　　C. taking

　　D. using

　　45. A. cosfless

　　B. priceless

　　C. valueless

　　D. worthless

　　第二部分英語知識運用

　　參考譯文

　　如今大部分人在生活中很難看到天空中的繁星，這真是一件憾事。星光燦爛的夜空只有在圖片里才能見到。不僅城市和郊區(qū)是這樣，連鄉(xiāng)村也是如此。我們不但看不到星星，同樣這也污染了夜空的環(huán)境。如果光污染是人類進步所不可避免要付出的代價，那么這種損失或許可以被接受，但事實并非如此。大多數(shù)人工白晝是不必要的，因為它們并非是用來增加夜晚安全或照明的，它們只是發(fā)出耀眼的光。僅在美國一年就在此項上花費十億多美元。光污染給科學帶來的影響更加嚴重�？茖W家們需要用精密儀器觀察極其細微的物體，這種觀測需在沒有空氣污染和城市燈光的環(huán)境下才能進行。例如，一些物體的影像可以提供宇宙遙遠角落的信息，幫助我們了解地球實際形成的方式。然而，這些物體發(fā)出的光線可能在到達地球時被人工光源所覆蓋而消失。減少光污染并不難，需要政府官員和公民們意識到這個問題并面對

　　它。就個人而言，僅在必要時使用照明，就能有助于大幅減少人工白晝現(xiàn)象。

　　閃耀在我們上空的星星是無價的文明遺產(chǎn)，我們必須盡我們所能去保護它。