2017年全國英語等級考試三級閱讀理解沖刺練習（3）

　　Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do especially in tight job market. Bob Crossley, a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day. "It's amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves," he says.

　　"Resumes(簡歷)arrive with stains.Some candidates don't bother to spell the company's name correctly. Once I see a mistake, I eliminate the candidate," Crossley concludes. "If they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?"

　　Can we pay too much attention to details? Absolutely. Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward. "To keep from losing the forest for the trees," says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, "we must constantly ask ourselves how the details we are working on fit into the larger picture. If they don't, we should drop them and move to something else."

　　Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA. "The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course 90 percent of the time." says Garfield. But a successful landing was still likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal.This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary. Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.

　　Too often we believe what accounts for others' success is some special secret or a lucky break(機遇). But rarely is success so mysterious. Again and again, we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.

　　11.According to the passage, some job applicants were rejected_____.

　　A.because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume

　　B.because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume

　　C.because they failed to give a detailed description of their background in their applications

　　D.because they eliminated their names from the applicants’ list themselves

　　答案A.答題依據(jù)是第一段最后一句話"It's amazing how many candidates to eliminate themselves," ”he say. 和第二段第一句Resumes arrive with stains.前一句是結果，后一句是原因。題干中job applicants，rejected分別與文中candidates，eliminate對應。答案選項中的carelessness與文中stain對應。

　　12.The word "perfectionists" (Para. 3, Line 1) refers to those who_____.

　　A.demand others to get everything absolutely right

　　B.know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances

　　C.pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives

　　D.are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do

　　答案C.答題時首先要依靠上下文。第三段第一句話中的too…to結構是設問：我們會不會對細節(jié)過份注重?第二句話中struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they wor toward意思是：以犧牲要做的大事為代價而注重一些雞毛蒜皮的小事。由此可見Perfectionists(完美主義者)是一種事無巨細一概追求盡善盡美，但往往又失去主要目標的人。后一句To keep from the forest for the trees相當于中文的“只見樹木不見森林”，“抓了芝麻丟了西瓜”一類說法。答題時還應搞清這一段在全文語篇發(fā)展中所起的承上啟下的作用。本文前兩段是批評人們粗枝大葉，不拘小節(jié)。這一段轉而告誡人們不要過于拘泥于小節(jié)，吹毛求疵，而應該在注意細節(jié)的同時不忘整體。

　　13.Which of the following is the author's advice to the reader?

　　A.Although too much attention to details may be costly, they should not be overlooked.

　　B.Don't forget details when drawing pictures.

　　C.Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.

　　D.Careless applicants are not to be trusted.

　　答案A.推理依據(jù)有兩處，第一處是第三段第二句話中struggle over little things at the cost of something larger，言下之意是：過于注重細節(jié)往往要付出很大代價。另一處是文章最后一段的最后一句話，意思是：只要人們把手頭的一件件小事做好就可能得到很大的報償。根據(jù)這兩處所述，我們可以推斷，作者會這樣勸告人們“雖然過于注重細節(jié)可能要付出大的代價，但我們還是不應該忽略它們”。

　　14.The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that _______.

　　A.minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives

　　B.failure is the mother of success

　　C.adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work

　　D.keeping one's goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked

　　答案D.首先要考慮作者在第三段的后半部分引用Charles Garfield所說的話We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we're working on fit into the larger picture. If they don't, we should drop them and move to something else(我們必須不斷地問自己，當前做的細節(jié)小事是否與整體大事相適應。如果不是這樣，就應該放下它們，去做別的事)。作者的觀點是：人們在做事時應時時注意調整局部與整體的關系。那么，什么是整體?在第四段中，作者以the Apollo II moon launch為例證，具體說明：目標是整體的關鍵所在，即在做事的過程中不斷調整局部與全局的關系是為了最終實現(xiàn)已確定的目標。

　　15.The best title for this passage would be ________.

　　A.Don't Be a Perfectionists

　　B.Importance of Adjustments

　　C.Details and Major Objectives

　　D.Hard Work Plus Good Luck

　　答案C.答案應綜合文章前后兩部分的內容。前半部分說明粗枝大葉的害處，后半部分說明光注重細節(jié)而忽略細節(jié)與整體的關系同樣是有害的。干擾項A、B內容均太窄，D項是細枝末節(jié)，與文章中心思想關聯(lián)甚少。Passage Four本文介紹了古今世界各地不同的婚俗風情。