Water is necessary for life and good health. We often forget this fact when we think about the other building blocks of life such as vitamins, minerals and proteins. We can live for many days without eating, but two or three days without water usually leads to death.

　　The human body may look solid, but most of it is water. Newborn babies are as much as 85% water. Women are about 65% water and men about 75%. Women usually have less water than men because women, in general, have more fat cells, and fat cells hold less water than other kinds of cells.

　　Water is necessary for cooling the body under hot weather and when we are working hard or exercising, water carries body heat to the surface of the skin, where the heat is lost through perspiration(出汗).

　　Researchers note that fat cells block body heat from escaping quickly. Fat cells under the skin act like warm clothing to keep body heat inside. This is why overweight people have a more difficult time staying cool than thin people.

　　Researchers also note that cool liquids cool us faster than warm liquids,because cold liquids take up more heat inside the body and carry it away faster. They say, however, that cold sweet drinks do not work well because the sugar slows the liquid from getting into the blood stream.

　　The body loses water every day through perspiration and urine(尿). If we lose too much, we will become sick. To replace what is lost, health experts say grown persons should drink about 2 liters of liquids each day, and more in hot weather. They say we can also get some of the water we need in the foods we eat. Most fruits and vegetables are more than 80% water. And even bread is about 33% water.

　　1. From the passage we learn that among the following four groups of people .

　　A. fat women are over eighty percent water

　　B. thin men are over eighty percent water

　　C. newborn infants are over eighty percent water

　　D. elderly adults are over eighty percent water

　　2. Why do thin people usually feel better in hot days than fat people?

　　A. Thin people perspire less.

　　B. Fat people do not sweat as much as thin people do.

　　C. Thin people have less heat inside their bodies.

　　D. Fat people have more fat cells which keep the heat inside.

　　3. The author suggests that on hot summer days one should drink .

　　A. hot water

　　B. iced tea

　　C. cold Coca-Cola

　　D. hot coffee

　　4. What should we do to keep enough water in the body?

　　A. To take two liters of water daily all through the year.

　　B. To eat everything that contains water.

　　C. To take in as much as we have lost.

　　D. To drink only when we feel very thirsty.

　　5. What can we conclude from this passage?

　　A. Water is almost as important as food.

　　B. Many people tend to neglect the importance of water.

　　C. Water is the origin of life.

　　D. Most fruits and vegetables contain much water.

　　【答案】

　　1. 【精析】C事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

　　本題提問的是關(guān)于下列四類人群，我們可以從文中知道什么。根據(jù)文章第二段，特別是“Newborn babies are as much as 85%water.”可知選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。

　　2. 【精析】D推理判斷題。

　　本題提問的是為什么瘦人在炎熱天氣中會(huì)比胖人感覺舒服些。根據(jù)文章第四段中的描述“Fat cells under the skin act like warm clothing to keep body heat inside. This is why overweight people have a more difficult time staying cool than thin people.”可以判斷出，正是因?yàn)槌�重的人身體內(nèi)更多的脂肪細(xì)胞鎖住熱量，才使得瘦人在炎熱天氣中感覺好些，而胖人很難感覺到?jīng)鏊�。故答案為D。

　　3. 【精析】B推理判斷題。

　　本題提問的是作者建議在夏天應(yīng)該喝下列哪種飲料降溫。文章的倒數(shù)第二段討論的是人們所攝入液體降溫的效果。冷水同熱水相比能更快地帶走人體內(nèi)的熱量，但是甜的冷飲并不能快速降溫是因?yàn)橐后w中的糖分會(huì)使其進(jìn)入血液循環(huán)的速度減慢。所以作者應(yīng)會(huì)建議沒有糖分的涼茶作為降溫的飲料，所以答案為B。

　　4. 【精析】C事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

　　本題提問的是我們應(yīng)該如何來(lái)保持身體內(nèi)有充足的水分。根據(jù)文章最后一段，作者認(rèn)為人們損失的水分應(yīng)該盡快再攝取回來(lái)。所以答案為C，即將每天通過排汗和排泄丟失的水分再補(bǔ)充回來(lái)。

　　5. 【精析】B主旨大意題。

　　本題提問的是我們能通過文章得出什么結(jié)論。通讀全文可知，文章認(rèn)為水比食物更重要，所以選項(xiàng)A不正確;文章并沒有談及生命的起源，所以選項(xiàng)C也不正確;文章的主要意思也不是討論水果和蔬菜的水分含量的，排除D。由文章前兩句可知選項(xiàng)B為正確答案。

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