短文理解 |||第一節(jié)短文理解 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的[A]、[B]、[C]和[D]四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

　　第21題單選修改

　　Why does the author mention dinosaurs at the end of the passage?

　　A.Because they could only live in the warm climate.

　　B.Because they once dominated the Earth.

　　C.Because their extinction indicates future disasters.

　　D.Because dinosaurs and humans never live in the same age.

　　參考答案：C

　　參考解析：C【解析】推理判斷題。為了證明這種災(zāi)難發(fā)生的可能性，作者舉例說(shuō)明。舉的例子是恐龍的滅絕。它們?cè)��?jīng)在地球上生活了近l億6千萬(wàn)年，但是在6千5百萬(wàn)年前突然消失，所以證明未來(lái)的地球上可能發(fā)生災(zāi)難。所以正確的答案為C。

　　第22題單選修改

　　閱讀下列短文,回答{TSE}題目.

　　In July l994 Jupiter，the largest planet in our solar system，was struck by 21 pieces of a comet(彗星).When the fragments(碎片)landed in the southern part of the giant planet，the explosions were watched by scientists here on earth。But what if our own planet was hit by a comet?

　　The year is 2094.It has been announced that a comet is heading towards the Earth.Most of it will miss our planet，but two fragments will probably hit the southern part of the Earth.The news has caused panic.

　　On 17 July，a fragment four kilometres wide enters the Earth’s atmosphere with a huge explosion.About half of the fragment is destroyed.‘But the major part survives and hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound.The sea boils and all enormous wave is created and spreads.

　　The wall of water rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometres a、n hour.Cities on the African coast are totally destroved and millions of people are drowned.The wave moves into the Indian Ocean and heads towards Asia.

　　Millions of people are akeady dead in the southern part of the Earth.but the north won’t escape for long.Tons of broken pieces are thrown into the atmosphere by the explosions.As the sun is hidden by clouds of dust，temperatures around the world fall to almost zero.Crops are mined.Wars break out as countries fight for food.A year later civilization.has collapsed.No more than 10 million people have survived.

　　Could it really happen?In fact，it has akeady happened more than once in the history of the Earth.The dinosaurs(恐龍)were on the Earth for over 160 million years.Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared.Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a space fragment.

　　The dinosaurs couldn’t survive in the cold climate that followed and they became extinct.Will we meet the same end?

　　{TS} Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the author’s description of the disaster in 2094?

　　A.The whole world becomes extremely cold.

　　B.All the coastal cities in Africa are destroyed.

　　C.The whole mankind becomes extinct.

　　D.The visit of the comet results in wars.

　　參考答案：C

　　參考解析： 參考譯文

　　1994年7月，太陽(yáng)系最大的行星，丘比特，被一個(gè)彗星的21個(gè)碎片撞擊了。當(dāng)碎片在這個(gè)巨型行星的南部著陸時(shí)，科學(xué)家在地球上就可以看到這些爆炸。但是如果我們的地球被彗星撞擊的話(huà)，后果是什么呢?

　　這件事將發(fā)生在2094年。據(jù)宣布，一個(gè)彗星正朝地球運(yùn)行。它的大部分碎片會(huì)與地球擦肩而過(guò)，但是有兩片可能會(huì)撞到地球的南部。這條消息引起了人們的恐慌。

　　在7月17號(hào)，伴隨一聲巨大的爆炸，一個(gè)四公里寬的碎片進(jìn)入了地球的大氣層。大約一半的碎片被大氣層的摩擦燃燒掉。但是碎片的大部分殘留了下來(lái)。它以200倍的聲速撞擊了南大西洋。海洋沸騰了，導(dǎo)致了巨大的海浪，并開(kāi)始蔓延。水墻以每小時(shí)800公里的速度向南非逼近。非洲沿岸的城市完全被破壞，數(shù)百萬(wàn)的人被淹死。海浪沖進(jìn)印度洋，并且向亞洲襲來(lái)。

　　在地球的南部已經(jīng)有數(shù)百萬(wàn)的人死亡，但是北部的人們也不會(huì)逃脫厄運(yùn)太久。爆炸將數(shù)噸重的碎片拋向大氣層，太陽(yáng)被灰塵遮蔽，世界溫度幾乎降到零度。農(nóng)作物被毀壞，國(guó)家之間為了爭(zhēng)奪食物發(fā)生戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。一年之后，人類(lèi)文明蕩然無(wú)存。幸存的人不超過(guò)一千萬(wàn)。

　　這真可能發(fā)生嗎?事實(shí)上，在地球的歷史上，已經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)數(shù)次�？铸�?jiān)诘厍蛏仙�存了一億六千萬(wàn)年。然后，在六千五百萬(wàn)年前，它們突然消失了。許多科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為地球被一個(gè)宇宙碎片撞擊了�？铸埐荒茉陔S后的寒冷氣候下幸存下來(lái)，所以他們滅絕了。我們會(huì)重復(fù)同樣的結(jié)束嗎?

　　答案及解析

　　C【解析】推理判斷題。作者在這篇科幻小說(shuō)中描述了2094年7月17日彗星撞擊地球后的情形。在倒數(shù)的第二段作者說(shuō)，A yearlater civilization has collapsed.No more than l0 million people havesurvived.而不是人類(lèi)在地球上滅絕了。extinct意為“滅絕”。所以正確的答案為C。

　　第23題單選修改

　　In writing the passage，the author intends to__________.

　　A.give an accurate description of the possible disaster in the future

　　B.prove that humans will sooner or later be destroyed

　　C.tell the historical development of the Earth

　　D.warn of a possible disaster in the future

　　參考答案：D

　　參考解析：D【解析】推理判斷題。在這篇短文中，作者講述了2094年彗星撞擊地球后可能產(chǎn)生的災(zāi)難，目的是為了警告人們?cè)谖磥?lái)地球可能會(huì)遭受災(zāi)難。所以正確的答案為D。