考公共英語三級口語該注意的幾條原則

　　(一) 主題句原則

　　一個好的主題句是文章成功的一半。不僅文章有主題，段落有綱，句也必有中心。在立足于篇章時，一定要首先明確文的主題;在發(fā)展段落時，也要首先寫好主題句。從PETS三的特點來考慮，主題句最好是置于文首或段首，這樣讓人一目了然! 以下就是兩個實用的開門見山式發(fā)展主題句的方法。

　　●To begin with, we must attach the greatest importance to this issue/fact (key word).

　　●As is well known to all, it is now high time that we took this (topic word) into serious consideration.

　　(二) 句式變化原則

　　好的文章動靜結(jié)合、張弛有度有節(jié)奏感。句式也是一樣，要有變化性，這不僅能使文章更生動，也是語言表達方式的需要和表達能力的體現(xiàn)。句式的變化，主要是要注意兩點：

　　● 不要從頭至尾使用一種句型。

　　● 長短句結(jié)合。

　　由于語言功底的欠缺和慣用思維，很多人寫的文章一種句式到頭，如：

　　I think …

　　I hope…

　　He does it.

　　He will take it

　　這樣的文章雖然意思表達出來了，卻顯得呆板，欠生動。解決的辦法是：

　　1.間或使用主從復(fù)句。

　　Because he is very much determined, he will carry it out this time. (原因)

　　比較：He is very much determined. He will carry it out this time.

　　2.使用分詞結(jié)構(gòu)句。

　　The weather being fine, a large number of people went sightseeing.

　　比較：The weather is fine. A large number of people went sightseeing.

　　Africa is the second largest continent, its size being about three times that of China.

　　比較：Africa is the second largest continent. Its size is about three times that of China.

　　3.使用不定式句。

　　To be or not to be, that is a question. (莎士比亞)

　　To study or not to study, that is much different.(引申)

　　To do it well, you must plan it well.

　　比較：You want to do it well. And you must plan it well.

　　4.倒裝句

　　Only when we fully recognize its importance can we have control of its essence.

　　比較：After we fully recognize its importance, we can have control of its essence.

　　No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain.

　　比較：He arrived home. And it began to rain.

　　5.失衡句

　　whether or not he will come is still unknown to all the people present.

　　比較：No one present knows whether he will come or not.

　　That he has done it all by himself is known to everyone.

　　比較：Everyone knows that he has done it all by himself.

　　長短句結(jié)合，抑揚頓挫，特別是經(jīng)典名言，既有說服力，又讓人過目不忘!我們在這里給大家設(shè)計一個通用模式，供大家參考。

　　●在文章第一段(開頭)用一長一短，且先長后短。

　　●在文章主體部分，要先用一個短句解釋主要意思，然后在闡述幾個要點的時候采用先短后長的句群形式。

　　●文章結(jié)尾一般用一長一短。

　　(三) 層次原則

　　發(fā)展句子時，還要注意層次性。英語作文講究的是先明確主旨，再層層推進。不僅意義有主次，結(jié)構(gòu)也有上下輕重。我們在作文時，也要根據(jù)主題的需要和段落的發(fā)展需要，將層次體現(xiàn)出來。此外，條理是否清楚也是評判的一個重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 以下是簡單而使用句間連接詞。

　　●first of all, above all

　　●firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally

　　●the first, the second, the third, the last

　　●in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly

　　●to begin with, then, furthermore, finally

　　●to start with, next, in addition, finally

　　●first and foremost, besides, last but not least

　　●besides, in addition, what’s more, moreover

　　●on the one hand, on the other hand

　　●for one thing, for another thing