It is because of his plays that Shakespeare is now considered the greatest English writer in history. The era in which he lived, Elizabethan England, was a time in which broad interests and creativity could flourish. Elizabeth, the queen, was beloved by her subjects and proved to be a powerful and able ruler. Under the reign of Elizabeth, England changed from an island kingdom to an expanding empire. England grew rich through trade. Sixteenth-century Englishmen traveled to the New World and to Africa. Music, dance, poetry, painting, and architecture flourished; but the art form in which Elizabethan England distinguished the rest of Europe was the theater.

　　The theater, which had practically disappeared from Europe was, at this time, received as a part of the church service. Later, no longer as a part of the service, the "mystery plays" responded to popular taste by adding more and more comic elements. In England, they were sponsored by various trade guilds and presented on stage wagons that went from place to place. When the mystery plays began to lose their appeal, they were replaced by "morality" plays which always taught a moral.

　　In Renaissance England, writers were particularly interested in classical texts such as Latin and Greek plays. Schools and universities began to produce comedies and tragedies by Platus, Terence, and Seneca. Shakespeare was well acquainted with classical humanities and classical tragedies and comedies often served as models in his own drama. A Renaissance man, Shakespeare's interest went beyond book learning to practical knowledge of military strategy, seafaring, business affairs, and the new geographical discoveries, all evident in his plays.

　　Companies of "strolling plays" which had specialized in morality plays responded to the change by staging new plays. Professional actors, who had been viewed by English society as little better than vagrants or criminals, gradually came under the protection of the nobility. Licensed theater companies were formed; Shakespeare belonged to one of those, where in addition to his writing, he acquired a wide experience in acting and theater management.

　　The theater grew in popularity and public theaters were built, not inside the city limits but just outside, along with other places of entertainment. Theaters in Elizabethan England were patronized by all social classes. The Globe Theater, built in 1599, where many of Shakespeare's plays were performed, had a platform stage jutting out into a central courtyard. The audience stay around three sides of this platform―the lower-class who each paid a penny in the pit and the wealthier spectators in the galleries above. The orchestra was on stage, as music was usually a significant part of the production. Indeed, the costumes, scenery, singing, playing, and dancing, as well as acting was essential to the total show. There was no lighting, however, plays were performed in the afternoon. Shakespeare knew his audience: his theater is addressed not just to the educated but to all classes of society.

　　1Which of the following is not true about the Elizabethan England

　　ABroad interests and creativity flourished.

　　BEnglish people began to travel to the Continent.

　　CThe theater was the most prominent art form.

　　DEngland was no longer an island kingdom.

　　2According to the passage, the theater .

　　Afirst appeared in England

　　Bhad various types

　　Cwere only sponsored by the nobility

　　Dfollows two classical rules

　　3Which of the following statements may not be the reason for Shakespeare's success

　　AHe lived in the Elizabethan Age.

　　BHe was quite wealthy.

　　CHe had broad interest.

　　DHe was experienced in acting and theater management.

　　4"Theaters in Elizabethan England were patronized by all social classes." "patronized" means .

　　Aenjoyed　　Bsponsored　　Cencouraged　　Dpromoted

　　5Shakespeare's plays .

　　Awere enjoyable to all the classes of society

　　Bwere performed all day long

　　Cwere presented on stage wagons

　　Dcopied the Latin and Greek plays

　　答案及解析:

　　1、B文中原句是"Sixteenth-century Englishmen traveled to the New World and to Africa."所以B項(xiàng)符合題意。

　　2、B二、三、四段分別提到"plays for the church service"，"mystery plays"，"morality plays"和"strolling plays"等，所以戲劇有多種多樣。

　　3、B第四段提到Shakespeare本身是個(gè)演員，并不十分富有。

　　4、Bpatronize意思是"資助"。

　　5、A由最后一句話"Shakespeare knew his audience： his theater is addressed not just to the educated but to all classes of society."可知，A正確。