Film has properties that set it apart from painting, sculpture, novels, and plays. It is also, in its most popular and powerful form, a story-telling medium that shares many elements with the short story and the novel. And since film presents its stories in dramatic form, it has even more in common with the stage play: Both plays and movies act out or dramatize, show rather than tell, what happens.

　　Unlike the novel, short story, or play, however, film is not handy to study; it cannot be effectively frozen on the printed page. The novel and short story are relatively easy to study because they are written to be read. The stage play is slightly more difficult to study because it is written to be performed. But plays are printed,and because they rely heavily on the spoken word,imaginative readers can conjure up at least a pale imitation of the experience they might have been watching a performance on stage. This cannot be said of the screenplay, for a film depends greatly on visual and other nonvisual elements that are not easily expressed in writing. The screenplay requires so much "filling in" by our imagination that we cannot really approximate the experience of a film by reading a screenplay, and reading a screenplay is worthwhile only if we have already seen the film. Thus, most screenplays are published not to read but rather to be remembered.

　　Still, film should not be ignored because studying it requires extra effort. And the fact that we do not generally "read" films does not mean we should ignore the principles of literary or dramatic analysis when we see a film. Literature and films do share many elements and communicate many things in similar ways. Perceptive film analysis rests on the principles used in literary analysis, and if we apply what we have learned in the study of literature to our analysis of films, we will be far ahead of those who do not. Therefore, before we turn to the unique elements of film, we need to look into the elements that film shares with any good story.

　　Dividing film into its various elements for analysis is a somewhat artificial process, for the elements of any art form never exist in isolation. It is impossible, for example, to isolate plot from character: Events influence people, and people influence events; the two are always closely interwoven in any fictional, dramatic, or cinematic work. Nevertheless, the analytical method uses such a fragmenting technique for ease and convenience. But it does so with the assumption that we can study these elements in isolation without losing sight of their interdependence or their relationship to the whole.

　　1What is mainly discussed in the text

　　AThe uniqueness of film.

　　BThe importance of film analysis.

　　CHow to identify the techniques a film uses.

　　DThe relationship between film analysis and literary analysis.

　　2Why is it not handy to study film

　　ABecause screenplay is not as well written as literary works.

　　BBecause a film cannot be effectively represented by a printed screenplay.

　　CBecause a film is too complicated.

　　DBecause publishers prefer to publish literary works.

　　3From the third paragraph we learn that .

　　Athe means by which we analyze a literary work cannot be applied to the analysis of the film

　　Ba good film and a good story have many elements in common

　　Cwe should not pay extra effort to study films

　　Dusing the principles of literary analysis makes no difference in film analysis

　　4Why can't we divide film into various elements for analysis

　　ABecause these elements are interwoven with each other and cannot keep be separated without failing to appreciate a film as a whole.

　　BBecause films cannot be written down and it is inconvenient to analyse them.

　　CBecause films elements are too complicated.

　　DBecause films need not to be analysed in detail.

　　5What does the word"it"refer to in the last sentence of the passage

　　AThe analytical method.

　　BThe fragmenting technique.

　　CEase.

　　DConvenience.

　　答案及解析:

　　1、D文章將電影與文學(xué)作品的分析做了比較和說明，這是文章主旨所在。

　　2、B學(xué)習(xí)電影不方便的地方在于，電影無法被寫下來。它是多種手段綜合使用的產(chǎn)物。劇本是不能完整地表現(xiàn)電影的，因此光看劇本根本無助于你去欣賞電影的精髓。

　　3、B文學(xué)作品與電影是有很多共通點(diǎn)的。學(xué)習(xí)過一些文學(xué)分析的方法，對分析電影也是很有裨益的。

　　4、A電影中各個(gè)因素已經(jīng)結(jié)合成為了不可分的整體，各要素相互影響。將它們分割開來，會(huì)影響對整體的理解。

　　5、A倒數(shù)后兩句意思是："the analytical method"使用"fragmenting technique"為了容易和方便。但"the analytical method"能使用"fragmenting technique"因?yàn)樗麄兗僭O(shè)……�？梢�"it"代指"the analytical method"。