1)抽象名詞后加詞使其具體化。如: serious unemployment嚴(yán)重的失業(yè)問題

　　He was still reluctant to talk substance.他仍然不愿意談實質(zhì)性的東西。

　　2)增加一個適當(dāng)?shù)拿�詞。如:

　　The temperature needed for this progressing is lower than that needed to melt the metal.這種加工方法所需要的溫度要低于熔化該金屬的溫度�！�Fundamentally, electronics is based upon an understanding of the physical world, that is, upon physics.電子學(xué)基本上是以人們對物質(zhì)世界的認(rèn)識，也就是以物理學(xué)為基礎(chǔ)的。(補充被動語態(tài)省去的部分)

　　3)增加數(shù)量詞。如: first oil well第 一口油井It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at all.這種說法從一開始就將討論引向兩個極端，它使人們認(rèn)為應(yīng)該這樣對待動物：要么像對人類自身一樣關(guān)切體諒，要么完全冷漠無情。(示范)

　　4)增加形容詞。如:

　　Speed and reliability are the chief advantages of the electronic computers.速度快，可靠性高是電子計算機(jī)的主要優(yōu)點。

　　5)不及物動詞后增加賓語。如:

　　John’s mother washed for a living after his father died.約翰的父親去世后，他母親以洗衣為生。

　　I haven’t enough time to read.我沒有足夠的時間讀書。

　　6)增加連詞。如:If you are an energetic man with which you are concerned, you find yourself invariably under the orders of some big man at the top who is elderly, weary and cynical.如果你是個精力充沛的人，對于如何恰當(dāng)?shù)赝瓿赡愕墓ぷ饔兄�獨到的見解，那么你會發(fā)現(xiàn)自己總是聽命于上面的某個大人物。而他又是一個上了年紀(jì)，精力不支，還愛吹毛求疵的人。

　　7)增加表示時態(tài)的詞。如:

　　You were, you are, and you remain to be my beloved mentor.你過去是，現(xiàn)在是，將來仍然是我敬愛的導(dǎo)師。

　　We were hoping to have a holiday next week, but we may not be able to get away now.我們原來盼著下星期放假，但現(xiàn)在我們可能走不了了。

　　8)增加一個適當(dāng)?shù)膭釉~。如:The world needn’t be afraid of a possible shortage of coal, oil, natural gas or other resources of fuel for the future.世界無需擔(dān)心將來可能出現(xiàn)的煤、石油、天然氣或者其他燃料來源短缺的問題。

　　9)增加英語中省略的詞。如:

　　We won’t retreat, we never have and never will.我們不會后退，我們從來沒有后退過，將來也決不后退。

　　When the owner noticed me, I said I was working until he hired me. He did.當(dāng)?shù)曛髯⒁獾轿視r，我說我會一直干到他雇我，他雇了我。

　　10)增加一些適當(dāng)修飾詞語。如:The students rant all the way up to the station only to find that the train had left 10 minutes before.學(xué)生們一路跑到火車站，可惜火車10分鐘前就開走了。

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