Section I Use of English

　　Directions ：

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)

　　Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it's a necessary condition _____(1) many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your _____(2)in the wrong place often carries a high _____(3).

　　_____(4), why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. _____(5) people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that _____(6) pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct that leads sheep to flock together for safety and prompts humans to _____(7) with one another. Swiss Scientists have found that exposure _____(8) this hormone puts us in a trusting _____(9): In a study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their _____(10) who inhaled something else.

　　_____(11) for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may _____(12) us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate _____(13) a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each _____(14) to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What's in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look _____ (15). Half of them found a toy; the other half _____ (16)the container was empty-and realized the tester had _____(17) them.

　　Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were _____ (18) to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. _____ (19), only five of the 30 children paired with the "_____(20)"tester participated in a follow-up activity.

　　1. A.on B.like C.for D.from

　　2. A.faith B.concern C.attention D.interest

　　3. A.benefit B.debt C.hope D.price

　　4. A.Therefore B.Then C.Instead D.Again

　　5. A.Until B.Unless C.Although D.When

　　6. A.selects B.produces C.applies D.maintains

　　7. A.consult B.compete C.connect D.compare

　　8. A.at B.by C.of D.to

　　9. A.context B.mood C.period D.circle

　　10. A.counterparts B.substitutes C.colleagues D.supporters

　　11. A.Funny B.Lucky C.Odd D.Ironic

　　12. A.monitor B.protect C.surprise D.delight

　　13. A.between B.within C.toward D.over

　　14. A.transferred B.added C.introduced D.entrusted

　　15. A.out B.back C.around D.inside

　　16. A.discovered B.proved C.insisted D.remembered

　　17. A.betrayed B.wronged C.fooled D.mocked

　　18. A.forced B.willing C.hesitant D.entitled

　　19. A.In contrast B.As a result C.On the whole D.For instance

　　20. A.inflexible B.incapable C.unreliable D.unsuitable

　　1.【答案】C

　　【解析】該題選擇的是介詞，與后面的many worthwhile things一塊做后置定語修飾前面的condition,表明對于許多重要事情來說是一個(gè)必要的條件。而A選項(xiàng)from(來自于)，C選項(xiàng)like(像)D選項(xiàng)on(關(guān)于)均語義不搭。

　　2.【答案】A

　　【解析】此處考察語義一致和對上下文辨析的問題。該空是做put的賓語，通過前面的On the one hand, it's a necessary condition _____(1) many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. (一方面,信任對許多重要事情來說是必要條件，比如照看孩子，友誼等);on the other hand 可以得知該題仍然是在講述關(guān)于主題 trust的問題，所以只有faith(信任)最合適。而B選項(xiàng)concern(關(guān)心，關(guān)注)，C選項(xiàng)attention(注意)，D選項(xiàng)interest(興趣，利益)均不符題意。

　　3.【答案】D

　　【解析】此處考察詞義辨析。前文說到putting your _____in the wrong place often carries a high _____(把……放在錯(cuò)誤的地方通常會帶來巨大的……)，可以知道該空肯定也是填貶義，但肯定不能是debt債務(wù)這種具體含義，所以只能選price，并且carries a high price也指付出高昂的代價(jià)。

　　4.【答案】B

　　【解析】此題考察上下文邏輯關(guān)系。上一段分析的是信任的利弊，該段所指內(nèi)容_____, why do we trust at all? (我們?yōu)槭裁磿�要信�?)所以采用了遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步說明信任的具體內(nèi)容。只有D選項(xiàng)then(然后，那么)最符合語義搭配。而A選項(xiàng)again(再次)表示強(qiáng)調(diào);B選項(xiàng)instead(然而)表轉(zhuǎn)折;而C選項(xiàng)therefore(因此)表結(jié)果，均不符合。

　　5. 【答案】D

　　【解析】此處再一次考察邏輯關(guān)系。該空_____ people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin，a hormone(___人們信任一個(gè)人或者一個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)，大腦都會釋放一種荷爾蒙),只有when(當(dāng)……時(shí))符合上下文語境和邏輯語境。

　　6. 【答案】B

　　【解析】該題是考察定語從句的動賓搭配問題。上一句說當(dāng)人們產(chǎn)生信任感，大腦就會產(chǎn)生一種荷爾蒙，a hormone that _____(6) pleasurable feelings這個(gè)that就是定語從句，指這種荷爾蒙能_____令人愉悅的感覺，只能是produce 最符合語境。

　　7.【答案】C

　　【解析】考察詞義辨析。該空所填為動詞，并且要求與之后的with形成搭配。and triggers the herding instruct that leads sheep to flock together for safety and prompts humans to _____with one another. 說明這種荷爾蒙能夠引發(fā)一種群居本能，這種本能能讓羊群聚在一起，and的后面的內(nèi)容也與前面的flock together同義復(fù)現(xiàn)。所以只有connect最符合語境。

　　8. 【答案】D

　　【解析】該題考察固定搭配。與exposure to構(gòu)成固定搭配的關(guān)系。表示“接觸”

　　9. 【答案】B

　　【解析】該題考察上下文語義。上文中說到這種荷爾蒙會給人帶來一種愉悅的情緒，通過這個(gè)結(jié)論，可以得出這種荷爾蒙能讓人有讓人信任的情緒/心緒。只有mood是最合適的答案。

　　10.【答案】A

　　【解析】此處仍然是考察上下文語境。上文中In a study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; 能從下文得知這也是只本句講另外一組受試者。conuterparts表示對應(yīng)物，對應(yīng)的人。

　　11.【答案】B

　　【解析】此處考察上下文邏輯關(guān)系。從后文中的also可以看出前后一致的關(guān)系。前文對于這種天賦都是褒義的色彩，所以答案此時(shí)應(yīng)該是lucky。

　　12.【答案】B

　　【解析】同樣也是因?yàn)閍lso，說明前后一致關(guān)系。只能選擇protect.

　　13.【答案】A

　　【解析】考察固定搭配。A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate _____ a credible person and a dishonest one. 選則between 意為：14個(gè)月大的孩子能在誠實(shí)和不誠實(shí)的人之間進(jìn)行區(qū)分。

　　14.【答案】C

　　【解析】考察搭配。結(jié)合原文語境，“Sixty toddlers were each__to adult tester holding a plastic container”選項(xiàng)C“be introduced to sth ”表示“初次認(rèn)識某物�！狈�合原文語境。

　　15.【答案】D

　　【解析】本題考察借此搭配及詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)原文“what’s in here?”before looking into the container...Each subject was then invited to ___.” 選項(xiàng)D與前文所表達(dá)的in here和looking into相關(guān)。因此D為正選。

　　16.【答案】A

　　【解析】本題考察詞義復(fù)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)語境“half of them found a toy; the other half 16 the container was empty...”這是用分好并列連接的兩個(gè)句子，屬于并列關(guān)系。因此，前半句講一般的受測者在盒子里面找到了玩具，后半句在肯定其他人會怎么說。像個(gè)小分局的結(jié)構(gòu)基本一直。因此本題填入的含義應(yīng)該與found 含義相同。因此，A選項(xiàng)發(fā)現(xiàn)為正選。

　　17.【答案】C

　　【解析】根據(jù)本題語境，此句在破折號后面，是對前面的意思解釋說明。前面提到了另一半人發(fā)現(xiàn)盒子是空的，并且易世達(dá)測試者對他們怎么樣。既然盒子是空的，那么肯定認(rèn)識到測試者是在戲弄他們，所以對此題必須要理解測試者是主語，賓語是Them 指的是受測者。主語的含義決定了謂語的含義為戲弄。因此C選項(xiàng)為正選。

　　18.【答案】B

　　【解析】考察搭配。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)我們可以看出逗號之前是一個(gè)介詞短語，意為在所有沒有被戲弄過的孩子里面，大多數(shù)的孩子在習(xí)得一種新技能的時(shí)候與測試者的合作是如何的。Demonstrating that they trusted his leadership 表明這些孩子信任他的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。因此，既然信任他們就表示愿意合作。所B選項(xiàng)willing to do 構(gòu)成固定搭配。

　　19.【答案】A

　　【解析】本題考察邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)原文語境“”only five of the 30 children paried with the “20” tester participated in a follow-up activity.” 通過該句中的only，可以看出與上文的“大多數(shù)”形成鮮明對比。因此，本題應(yīng)該選擇轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯關(guān)系。A選項(xiàng)為正選。

　　20.【答案】C

　　【解析】本題考察詞義辨析。根據(jù)原文語境;在接下來的活動中，30個(gè)孩子中有5個(gè)孩子與...樣的測試者能合作，所以結(jié)合上文提到的大部分孩子信任測試者，但是5/30屬于小部分，大部分測試者對應(yīng)的是信任，而小部分應(yīng)該對應(yīng)的是不信任。因此，C選項(xiàng)“不可靠”為正選。