2018年考研英語翻譯模擬練習題（5）

　　1. A long-held view of the history of English colonies that became the United States has been that

　　England’s policy toward these colonies before 1763 was dictated by commercial interests and that a change to a more imperial policy , dominated by expansionist militarist objectives , generated the tensions that ultimately led to the American Revolution . (4+)

　　一個對于后來成了美國的英國殖民地的歷史的長久以來的觀點，認為英國在1763年以前對于這些殖民地的政策被經(jīng)濟利益所支配，而且認為一種向著更大程度帝國制度的政策上的轉(zhuǎn)變——為擴張主義的軍事目標所左右——產(chǎn)生了最終導(dǎo)致美國革命的緊張氣氛。

　　難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語

　　解釋：主架構(gòu)簡單，可是主語和表語從句都不讓人省心。句子的主干其實就是：A long-held view has been that..。但是主語A long-held view之后卻是修飾它的一個三層的定語：of the history of the english colonies that became the United States。系動詞has been之后所接的表語從句其實不止一個，其實原句是用了and來連接兩個并列的表語從句，has been that…and has been that…。后面的has been照例被省略。

　　意群訓練：A long-held view of the history of English colonies that became the United States has been that England’s policy toward these colonies before 1763 was dictated by commercial interests and that a change to a more imperial policy , dominated by expansionist militarist objectives , generated the tensions that ultimately led to the American Revolution .

　　2. It is not known how rare this resemblance is，or whether it is most often seen in inclusions of silicates such as garnet，whose crystallography is generally somewhat similar to that of diamond; but when present，the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly cogenetic. (4)

　　現(xiàn)在尚不知這種類似稀少到何種地步，也不知道是否它最常見于象石榴石一類的硅酸鹽內(nèi)含物中，而這類物質(zhì)的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)普遍地在某種程度上類似于金剛石的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)。但一旦存在，這種類似就被視作極有說服力的證據(jù)，證明金剛石與內(nèi)含物確是同源的。

　　難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語

　　解釋：本句的句子既長，專有名詞又多，從句層出不窮，故而難懂。在本句中出現(xiàn)的專有名詞中，除了silicates硅酸鹽這個

　　單詞常常出現(xiàn)于理科文章中，需要記憶之外，其他單詞閱讀現(xiàn)場簡單處理一番既可inclusions 可以猜出是被包含的物質(zhì);garnet作首字母提煉叫g(shù):crystallography只要能從詞頭推出這個單詞與晶體有關(guān)即可。

　　意群訓練：It is not known how rare this resemblance is，or whether it is most often seen in inclusions of silicates such as garnet，whose crystallography is generally somewhat similar to that of diamond;but when present，the resemblance is regarded as compelling evidence that the diamonds and inclusions are truly cogenetic.

　　3. Even the "radical" critiques of this mainstream research model，such as the critique developed in Divided Society，attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social mobility and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority. (4+)

　　即使是對這一主流研究模型的“激進”批評，諸如《分裂的社會》(Divided Society)一書中所提出的那種批判，亦將少數(shù)民族同化問題過分機構(gòu)地與經(jīng)濟和社會移動性的因素聯(lián)系起來，因此無從闡明波多黎各人作為一個殖民地少數(shù)民族的文化從

　　屬關(guān)系。

　　難句類型：復(fù)雜修飾、插入語、省略、抽象詞

　　解釋：本句實際上是由 and 連接的兩個句子，閱讀的一個難度在于，and 之后省略了 they(此處指前面的主語 the radical critiques，)而are thus able to 又與前面離得太遠，使讀者難以找到主語。 另外，句中的固定搭配attach A to B和illuminate C as D當中的A、B、C，全部既長又抽象，理解起來較為困難。

　　意群訓練：Even the "radical" critiques of this mainstream research model，such as the critique developed in Divided Society，attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social mobility and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority.