1、Text 1"The love of money",St Paul memorably wrote to his protege Timothy,"is the root of all evil.""All"may be putting it a bit strongly,but dozens of psychological studies have indeed shown that people primed to think about money before an experiment are more likely to lie,cheat and steal during the course of that experiment.Another well-known aphorism,ascribed to Benjamin Franklin,is"time is money".If true,that suggests a syllogism:that the love of time is a root of evil,too.But a paperjust published in Psychological Science by Francesca Gino of Harvard and Cassie Mogilner of the University of Pennsylvania suggests precisely the opposite.Dr Gino and Dr Mogilner asked a group of volunteers to do a scries of what appeared to be aptitude tests.As is ofien the case in such experiments,though,what the voiunteers were told.and what the truth was,were rather different things.In the first test they were asked to make,within three minutes,as many coherent sentences as they could out of a set ofwords they had been presented with.What they were not told was that each of them had been assigned to one of three groups.Some volunteers'word sets were seeded with ones associated with money,such as"dollars","financing"and"spend".Some were seeded with words associated with time(eg,"clock",/'hours","moment").And some were seeded with neither.Thus unknowingly primed,the volunteers were ready for the second test.This was mathematical.They were given a sheet of paper with 20 matrices which each contained 12 numbers.two of which added up to ten(for example,3.81 and 6.19).They had to write down,on a separate answer sheet,how many of these pairs they could manage to find in five minutes.They were also given a packet ofmoney and told they could reward themselves with a dollar for each pair they discovered.This led Dr Gino and Dr Mogilner to suspect that self-reflection played a part in controlling uncthical behaviour during the test.They therefore conducted a third test in which,for half the volunteers,there was a mirror in the cubicle they were sitting in when doing the experiment.Volunteers primed to think about money cheated 39%of the time when a mirror was present but 67%when it was not.Those primed to think about time cheated 32%of the time in the presence of the mirror and 36%in its absence-results that are statistically indistinguishable.Finally,a fourth experiment asked primed volunteers to fill in a questionnaire before tackling the matrix.In among"filler"questions intended to disguise what was happening this asked them to rate how they felt about self-reflective statements like,"Right now,1 am thinking about who I am as a person."As in the previous tests,those primed with money words cheated more ofien than those primed with neutral words and far more ofien than those primed with time words.But whether someone cheated was also related to how strongly he felt about the self-reflective statements presented to him in the questionnaire.It seems,then,that thinking about time has the opposite effect on people from thinking about money.It makes them more honest than normal,rather than less so.Moreover,the more reflective they are,the more honest they become.There must be an aphorism in that. The author's attitude towards the conclusion of the experiment is——.

　　A disapproval

　　B suspicious

　　C supportive

　　D certain

　　答案：C  

　　答案解析：態(tài)度方向題。解決該題目的關(guān)鍵是要找到段落中作者態(tài)度的標(biāo)志，最后一段是作者的最終結(jié)論，該段落表明時(shí)間觀念與金錢(qián)觀念對(duì)人們所產(chǎn)生的影響是截然不同的。由此可見(jiàn)，作者的態(tài)度是積極的，故C項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)�！靖蓴_排除】A項(xiàng)disapproval“反對(duì)”、B項(xiàng)suspicious“懷疑”、D項(xiàng)certain“確定”都不能體現(xiàn)出作者支持的態(tài)度。

　　2、Text 1"The love of money",St Paul memorably wrote to his protege Timothy,"is the root of all evil.""All"may be putting it a bit strongly,but dozens of psychological studies have indeed shown that people primed to think about money before an experiment are more likely to lie,cheat and steal during the course of that experiment.Another well-known aphorism,ascribed to Benjamin Franklin,is"time is money".If true,that suggests a syllogism:that the love of time is a root of evil,too.But a paperjust published in Psychological Science by Francesca Gino of Harvard and Cassie Mogilner of the University of Pennsylvania suggests precisely the opposite.Dr Gino and Dr Mogilner asked a group of volunteers to do a scries of what appeared to be aptitude tests.As is ofien the case in such experiments,though,what the voiunteers were told.and what the truth was,were rather different things.In the first test they were asked to make,within three minutes,as many coherent sentences as they could out of a set ofwords they had been presented with.What they were not told was that each of them had been assigned to one of three groups.Some volunteers'word sets were seeded with ones associated with money,such as"dollars","financing"and"spend".Some were seeded with words associated with time(eg,"clock",/'hours","moment").And some were seeded with neither.Thus unknowingly primed,the volunteers were ready for the second test.This was mathematical.They were given a sheet of paper with 20 matrices which each contained 12 numbers.two of which added up to ten(for example,3.81 and 6.19).They had to write down,on a separate answer sheet,how many of these pairs they could manage to find in five minutes.They were also given a packet ofmoney and told they could reward themselves with a dollar for each pair they discovered.This led Dr Gino and Dr Mogilner to suspect that self-reflection played a part in controlling uncthical behaviour during the test.They therefore conducted a third test in which,for half the volunteers,there was a mirror in the cubicle they were sitting in when doing the experiment.Volunteers primed to think about money cheated 39%of the time when a mirror was present but 67%when it was not.Those primed to think about time cheated 32%of the time in the presence of the mirror and 36%in its absence-results that are statistically indistinguishable.Finally,a fourth experiment asked primed volunteers to fill in a questionnaire before tackling the matrix.In among"filler"questions intended to disguise what was happening this asked them to rate how they felt about self-reflective statements like,"Right now,1 am thinking about who I am as a person."As in the previous tests,those primed with money words cheated more ofien than those primed with neutral words and far more ofien than those primed with time words.But whether someone cheated was also related to how strongly he felt about the self-reflective statements presented to him in the questionnaire.It seems,then,that thinking about time has the opposite effect on people from thinking about money.It makes them more honest than normal,rather than less so.Moreover,the more reflective they are,the more honest they become.There must be an aphorism in that. In the opening paragraph,the author introduces his topic by_____

　　A posing a contrast

　　B justifying a theory

　　C making a comparation

　　D illustrating a phenomenon

　　答案：A  

　　答案解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。此類題目在2005年真題中有涉及，題目譯為：作者以什么樣的方式引出話題。解決此類題目時(shí)，關(guān)鍵是通讀段落找線索，縱觀第一段，作者用正反兩個(gè)例子來(lái)進(jìn)行對(duì)比.A項(xiàng)posing a contrast“作對(duì)比”與此相對(duì)應(yīng)。故A項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)�！靖蓴_排除】B項(xiàng)“證明一個(gè)理論”、C項(xiàng)“作比較”、D項(xiàng)“說(shuō)明一種現(xiàn)象”都不能體現(xiàn)第一段中的信息，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)排除。

　　3、Text 1"The love of money",St Paul memorably wrote to his protege Timothy,"is the root of all evil.""All"may be putting it a bit strongly,but dozens of psychological studies have indeed shown that people primed to think about money before an experiment are more likely to lie,cheat and steal during the course of that experiment.Another well-known aphorism,ascribed to Benjamin Franklin,is"time is money".If true,that suggests a syllogism:that the love of time is a root of evil,too.But a paperjust published in Psychological Science by Francesca Gino of Harvard and Cassie Mogilner of the University of Pennsylvania suggests precisely the opposite.Dr Gino and Dr Mogilner asked a group of volunteers to do a scries of what appeared to be aptitude tests.As is ofien the case in such experiments,though,what the voiunteers were told.and what the truth was,were rather different things.In the first test they were asked to make,within three minutes,as many coherent sentences as they could out of a set ofwords they had been presented with.What they were not told was that each of them had been assigned to one of three groups.Some volunteers'word sets were seeded with ones associated with money,such as"dollars","financing"and"spend".Some were seeded with words associated with time(eg,"clock",/'hours","moment").And some were seeded with neither.Thus unknowingly primed,the volunteers were ready for the second test.This was mathematical.They were given a sheet of paper with 20 matrices which each contained 12 numbers.two of which added up to ten(for example,3.81 and 6.19).They had to write down,on a separate answer sheet,how many of these pairs they could manage to find in five minutes.They were also given a packet ofmoney and told they could reward themselves with a dollar for each pair they discovered.This led Dr Gino and Dr Mogilner to suspect that self-reflection played a part in controlling uncthical behaviour during the test.They therefore conducted a third test in which,for half the volunteers,there was a mirror in the cubicle they were sitting in when doing the experiment.Volunteers primed to think about money cheated 39%of the time when a mirror was present but 67%when it was not.Those primed to think about time cheated 32%of the time in the presence of the mirror and 36%in its absence-results that are statistically indistinguishable.Finally,a fourth experiment asked primed volunteers to fill in a questionnaire before tackling the matrix.In among"filler"questions intended to disguise what was happening this asked them to rate how they felt about self-reflective statements like,"Right now,1 am thinking about who I am as a person."As in the previous tests,those primed with money words cheated more ofien than those primed with neutral words and far more ofien than those primed with time words.But whether someone cheated was also related to how strongly he felt about the self-reflective statements presented to him in the questionnaire.It seems,then,that thinking about time has the opposite effect on people from thinking about money.It makes them more honest than normal,rather than less so.Moreover,the more reflective they are,the more honest they become.There must be an aphorism in that. What can we infer from the tests?

　　A The subjects have been told their assignment

　　B Volunteers who had been primed with money ideas were more likely to cheat others.

　　C 12%volunteers had been primed with time-related words.

　　D 33%subjects had been primed with money-related words.

　　答案：B  

　　答案解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)題干中的信息對(duì)應(yīng)文章的第二段，文中介紹了他們喜歡用一些金錢(qián)相關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)，而第四段說(shuō)“被灌輸金錢(qián)思想的志愿者在面對(duì)鏡子時(shí)有39%的時(shí)間都在作弊，但是如果不面對(duì)鏡子，志愿者有67%的時(shí)間都在作弊�！彼�以B項(xiàng)Volunteers who had been primed with money ideas were more likely to cheat others.與此對(duì)應(yīng)。故B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。【干擾排除】A項(xiàng)“受試者清楚自己的任務(wù)”，但是文中卻說(shuō)他們是被悄悄地安排，因此錯(cuò)誤;c項(xiàng)與D項(xiàng)在段落的結(jié)尾處有對(duì)應(yīng)，但是數(shù)字的運(yùn)算是錯(cuò)誤的，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)排除。

　　4、Text 1"The love of money",St Paul memorably wrote to his protege Timothy,"is the root of all evil.""All"may be putting it a bit strongly,but dozens of psychological studies have indeed shown that people primed to think about money before an experiment are more likely to lie,cheat and steal during the course of that experiment.Another well-known aphorism,ascribed to Benjamin Franklin,is"time is money".If true,that suggests a syllogism:that the love of time is a root of evil,too.But a paperjust published in Psychological Science by Francesca Gino of Harvard and Cassie Mogilner of the University of Pennsylvania suggests precisely the opposite.Dr Gino and Dr Mogilner asked a group of volunteers to do a scries of what appeared to be aptitude tests.As is ofien the case in such experiments,though,what the voiunteers were told.and what the truth was,were rather different things.In the first test they were asked to make,within three minutes,as many coherent sentences as they could out of a set ofwords they had been presented with.What they were not told was that each of them had been assigned to one of three groups.Some volunteers'word sets were seeded with ones associated with money,such as"dollars","financing"and"spend".Some were seeded with words associated with time(eg,"clock",/'hours","moment").And some were seeded with neither.Thus unknowingly primed,the volunteers were ready for the second test.This was mathematical.They were given a sheet of paper with 20 matrices which each contained 12 numbers.two of which added up to ten(for example,3.81 and 6.19).They had to write down,on a separate answer sheet,how many of these pairs they could manage to find in five minutes.They were also given a packet ofmoney and told they could reward themselves with a dollar for each pair they discovered.This led Dr Gino and Dr Mogilner to suspect that self-reflection played a part in controlling uncthical behaviour during the test.They therefore conducted a third test in which,for half the volunteers,there was a mirror in the cubicle they were sitting in when doing the experiment.Volunteers primed to think about money cheated 39%of the time when a mirror was present but 67%when it was not.Those primed to think about time cheated 32%of the time in the presence of the mirror and 36%in its absence-results that are statistically indistinguishable.Finally,a fourth experiment asked primed volunteers to fill in a questionnaire before tackling the matrix.In among"filler"questions intended to disguise what was happening this asked them to rate how they felt about self-reflective statements like,"Right now,1 am thinking about who I am as a person."As in the previous tests,those primed with money words cheated more ofien than those primed with neutral words and far more ofien than those primed with time words.But whether someone cheated was also related to how strongly he felt about the self-reflective statements presented to him in the questionnaire.It seems,then,that thinking about time has the opposite effect on people from thinking about money.It makes them more honest than normal,rather than less so.Moreover,the more reflective they are,the more honest they become.There must be an aphorism in that. It can be concluded from the text that——.

　　A people primed with neutral words cheated more than those primed with money words

　　B self-refiection plays a significant role in people's decision making

　　C volunteers cheated was also related with whether a mirror in the cubicle they were sitting

　　D people primed with time words cheated most among the subjects

　　答案：B  

　　答案解析：推理判斷題。題目沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)具體的對(duì)應(yīng)段落，但是conclude澤為“結(jié)論”，按照出題順序的原則對(duì)應(yīng)文章的第五段，其中In among“filler"questions intended to disguise what was happening this asked them to raic how they feh about self-reflective statements like(問(wèn)卷上設(shè)有掩飾之前不光彩行為的“補(bǔ)充”問(wèn)題，調(diào)查他們?cè)诳吹介T(mén)我反思表述語(yǔ)句時(shí)的感受)可以體現(xiàn)結(jié)論，B項(xiàng)self-refiection plays a significant roleIn people's decision making“自我反省在人們的決策中扮演著重要的角色”與此相對(duì)應(yīng)。故B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。【干擾排除】A項(xiàng)巾的比較與原文剛好相反，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)排除;c項(xiàng)在定位的段落中并沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)排除;D項(xiàng)在結(jié)論的段落中有體現(xiàn)，但是段落中說(shuō)被灌輸金錢(qián)詞語(yǔ)的志愿者作弊傾向最大，因此該選項(xiàng)排除。

　　5、Text 1"The love of money",St Paul memorably wrote to his protege Timothy,"is the root of all evil.""All"may be putting it a bit strongly,but dozens of psychological studies have indeed shown that people primed to think about money before an experiment are more likely to lie,cheat and steal during the course of that experiment.Another well-known aphorism,ascribed to Benjamin Franklin,is"time is money".If true,that suggests a syllogism:that the love of time is a root of evil,too.But a paperjust published in Psychological Science by Francesca Gino of Harvard and Cassie Mogilner of the University of Pennsylvania suggests precisely the opposite.Dr Gino and Dr Mogilner asked a group of volunteers to do a scries of what appeared to be aptitude tests.As is ofien the case in such experiments,though,what the voiunteers were told.and what the truth was,were rather different things.In the first test they were asked to make,within three minutes,as many coherent sentences as they could out of a set ofwords they had been presented with.What they were not told was that each of them had been assigned to one of three groups.Some volunteers'word sets were seeded with ones associated with money,such as"dollars","financing"and"spend".Some were seeded with words associated with time(eg,"clock",/'hours","moment").And some were seeded with neither.Thus unknowingly primed,the volunteers were ready for the second test.This was mathematical.They were given a sheet of paper with 20 matrices which each contained 12 numbers.two of which added up to ten(for example,3.81 and 6.19).They had to write down,on a separate answer sheet,how many of these pairs they could manage to find in five minutes.They were also given a packet ofmoney and told they could reward themselves with a dollar for each pair they discovered.This led Dr Gino and Dr Mogilner to suspect that self-reflection played a part in controlling uncthical behaviour during the test.They therefore conducted a third test in which,for half the volunteers,there was a mirror in the cubicle they were sitting in when doing the experiment.Volunteers primed to think about money cheated 39%of the time when a mirror was present but 67%when it was not.Those primed to think about time cheated 32%of the time in the presence of the mirror and 36%in its absence-results that are statistically indistinguishable.Finally,a fourth experiment asked primed volunteers to fill in a questionnaire before tackling the matrix.In among"filler"questions intended to disguise what was happening this asked them to rate how they felt about self-reflective statements like,"Right now,1 am thinking about who I am as a person."As in the previous tests,those primed with money words cheated more ofien than those primed with neutral words and far more ofien than those primed with time words.But whether someone cheated was also related to how strongly he felt about the self-reflective statements presented to him in the questionnaire.It seems,then,that thinking about time has the opposite effect on people from thinking about money.It makes them more honest than normal,rather than less so.Moreover,the more reflective they are,the more honest they become.There must be an aphorism in that. The word"unethical"(Para.4)is closest in meaning to_____

　　A informal

　　B nontraditional

　　C non-mainstream

　　D immoral

　　答案：D  

　　答案解析：詞匯理解題。解答此題目的關(guān)鍵是通讀對(duì)應(yīng)段落后仔細(xì)分析上下文，適當(dāng)?shù)卣业酵�性詞，該段落的上文是談第一個(gè)測(cè)試的結(jié)果，都是與欺騙有關(guān)，而考查單詞的段落則是進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明欺騙的內(nèi)容，因此考查的詞匯應(yīng)當(dāng)與欺騙有關(guān)，D項(xiàng)Immoral“不道德的”與此相對(duì)應(yīng)，故D項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)�！靖蓴_排除】A項(xiàng)informal“非正式的”、B項(xiàng)“非傳統(tǒng)的”和C項(xiàng)non-mainstream“非主流的”，都與欺騙無(wú)關(guān)，因此應(yīng)當(dāng)排除。

　　☛☛☛進(jìn)入2022年研究生考試練習(xí)題庫(kù)>>>更多考研試題(每日一練、模擬試卷、歷年真題、易錯(cuò)題)等你來(lái)做!