[問答題]Directions:

　　Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should

　　1) describe the drawing,

　　2) interpret its intended meaning, and

　　3) give your comments.

　　You should write 160-200 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　參考答案：

　�、貯s is manifested in this thought-provoking cartoon, the man refuses to clear the floor ，claiming unreasonably that he only intends to realize his great ambition“revitalizing China.” ②When asked to do some chores, he replies that his weapon can be a pen, not a broom.③It is inevitable that his neglect of trivial things will ultimately wreck his ambitions . ④There seems to be a general assumption that brilliant people cannot choose to do trivial things; that they need to draw attention to great ambitions in order to do their best.⑤It is also assumed that dull people are particularly suited for small details.⑥Actually, there is no evidence that people who achieve much disregard, let alone contempt, the role of this virtue . ⑦Given all this, we should bear in mind the motto,“Do not think any vice trivial, and so practice it; Do not think any virtue trival, and so neglect it. ⑧If we never cares about petty things, how can we gain our goal?

　　參考解析：

　�、龠@幅漫畫發(fā)人深省。圖中的這位男士拒絕清掃地面，無理地聲稱自己只想實現(xiàn)“復(fù)興中國”的偉大理想。②當(dāng)被要求做一些瑣事時，他回答說他的武器是筆，而非掃帚。③他對小事的忽視難免會使他的偉大理想化為泡影。

　　④人們似乎持有某種觀點，即偉大的人不愿做小事，而且偉人需要關(guān)注偉大的目標才能變得卓越。⑤人們也會認為，不聰明的人才適合做一些瑣事。⑥事實上，沒有證據(jù)表明，有成就的人不考慮善小的作用，更不用說看不起其作用。

　�、咭虼�，我們應(yīng)該牢記這一格言，“勿以惡小而為之，勿以善小而不為”。

　　⑧如果連小事都做不好，我們又怎會有所作為呢?

　　[問答題]Directions:

　　Study the following drawing carefully and write an essay in which you should

　　1) describe the drawing,

　　2) interpret its intended meaning, and

　　3) give your comments.

　　You should write 160-200 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.

　　參考答案：

　　①In the picture, a group of volunteers are Peacefully queuing in a line, waiting for their turns to donate blood.②The vivid and moving scene leaves an impression on those standing nearby who, having their doubts about whether to donate or not.③If we want to “ask for” support as a member of any community, surely we should first learn to“give” support to others.

　�、躍ince we are social creatures, the quality of our lives depends largely on social support. which consists of the exchange of resources based on interpersonal ties. ⑤Social resources are accumulated through the contribution coming from every person who should show others kindness and sympathy. without which life would be intolerable. ⑥If nobody took on the responsibility for the common good of society, there would be no social support.⑦It follows naturally that we have to be aware of our responsibility for the well-being of the whole country . ⑧without making a commitment to society, it is unlikely that we will be treated with a blood transfusion when needed.⑨It is advisable that those standing hesitantly should join in the group in the Picture .

　　參考解析：

　�、僭谶@幅圖畫中，有一些人正在默默地排著隊，等候自愿獻血。②這一生動而感人的畫面無疑給旁觀的那些也許正在猶豫不決的人們留下了深刻的印象。③在現(xiàn)代社會中，如果任何人希望“索取”，當(dāng)然必須首先“給予”。

　�、芗热晃覀兪巧鐣�人，我們的生活質(zhì)量在很大程度上取決于社會支持，社會支持是基于人際關(guān)系之上的一種資源互換。⑤社會資源是通過每一個社會成員的奉獻來逐漸積累起來的，社會成員應(yīng)該對他人表露出善心、同情。否則，我們的生活將變得無法忍受。⑥如果沒有人為社會的公共利益負責(zé)，那么社會支持將不復(fù)存在。⑦因此，每個人都應(yīng)該意識到自己對整個國家利益所承擔(dān)的責(zé)任。

　�、鄾]有一種對社會的奉獻精神，我們可能無法在需要時得到輸血。⑨那些靠近隊伍的遲疑的人們應(yīng)該加入獻血的行列。

　　[單選題]

　　The two-year degree is back.The idea of increased flexibility in higher education is， in the broadest sense， a good one.But it is a sign of how captured we have been by market-centric thinking that “flexibility”， to this government， is manifested as “squeeze the same amount into a shorter period of time to maximise your financial returns later”.The sector has undergone a “catastrophe” as part-time student numbers have collapsed; that the government's response is a degree format - the polar opposite of part​time -is indicative of its approach to governance in general.

　　For most demographics whose access to higher education is restricted， condensing the course doesn't address the barriers they're facing.If you're balancing employment and childcare with a full-time education， especially if you're relying on sketchy public transport infrastructure， it's unrealistic to squeeze any more into your schedule.Many universities currently structure their courses around the reality that many students work， at least part-time， while studying.None of this is to mention those with disabilities who may face additional barriers to access.

　　There are no doubt some - the independently wealthy， for example - who may benefit， but it seems perverse that these people should be the focus of a major policy change.Troublingly， we seem to have fully accepted the shift from education as a social good to a product sold to students on grounds of higher earnings in the job market.Often， the grand promises of access to employment don't hold up.The labour market has been increasingly casualised and “hollowed out”， with a gap emerging between the skilled and “unskilled”， Progression through the ranks is vanishing， with a degree becoming a requirement for all sorts of jobs beyond simply those with high wages.

　　Even beyond the gap between the promise and reality， though， lies a philosophical flaw with the current approach.The two-year degree， in and of itself， is neither a good nor a bad thing.For some people it will be a positive， for the majority of others an irrelevance.What is troubling is what it represents about how Britain's political establishment sees education.It fits well into the reductive free- market philosophy， where every aspect of life can be sold as a commodity.A government that sees the price of everything and the value of nothing will inevitably be drawn to the idea of squeezing maximum output into minimum time.

　　A government that really wanted to make higher education more flexible， open and accessible would be exploring options that made sense for those with restricted access.There is no evidence， though， that this government thinks the choice between being stuck in a low-wage hellscape or taking on thousands of pounds in debt to play a roulette wheel with better odds is a bad thing.The days of education policies that address none of the problems with education are far from over.

　　The author suggests that the effect of free-market philosophy on education is______

　　Aharmful

　　Bdesirable

　　Cprofound

　　Dquestionable

　　參考答案：A

　　[單選題]

　　Software developers talk about technical debt， meaning the cost of rewriting quick and dirty code to make it fit for purpose.Cultural debt may be a similar phenomenon in many businesses， particularly in the tech sector.The fast-moving， risk-taking，win-at-all-costs corporate culture that enabled start-ups to succeed is too buggy for a global public company ​like Apple and has to be updated.

　　Last month ， the EU launched two antitrust cases against Apple.The first concerns the operations of Apple’s App Store following complaints from Spotify， the music-streaming service， and Kobo， the ebook business.Each has attacked the company for demanding an initial 30 per cent cut of the subscription fee from all customers who sign up via the App Store， while promoting its own rival music and books services.The second investigation focuses on whether Apple unfairly denies Apple Pay’s “tap and go”functionality on iPhones to rival payments companies.

　　Apple’s response to the probes has been predictably furious.The company argues that it invented and built the App Store that now reaches 1.5 billion device users.If developers do not like its rules then they do not have to play.Millions of developers，who have made a lot of money from the App Store， are happy with the way it operates and comforted by the security it offers.Besides， Apple charges no fees on the 85 per cent of apps that are free to users.

　　This reflects the uncompromising attitude of the company’s founder， Steve Jobs，who acknowledged that the introduction of the 30 per cent charge in 2011 might result in some “roadkill”among developers.Apple has denounced the latest complainants as “free-riders” and signalled its determination to fight.

　　It will be fascinating to see whether Apple maintains its aggressive stance as the regulatory pressure increases.Apple has an interesting choice to make.It can simply tough out this regulatory scrutiny while it continues to generate an estimated $ 1 billion of revenue a month from the App Store.It can count on the EU taking years to reach a ruling.For some big tech companies， fines have become no more than the cost of doing business.

　　Yet Apple may also see virtue in pacifying the most critical of its 23 million developers by modifying the way the App Store operates to benefit all parties.The history of Microsoft in the 1990s is instructive.While Bill Gates was running the company， Microsoft was contemptuous of complainants and regulators， and ended up entangled in distracting legal fights for 16 years before finally rebooting its own culture.Led by the more consensual Satya Nadella， it has bounced back to rival Apple as the top US companies by market capitalisation.

　　It is pretty certain that Jobs would have adopted Mr Gates’ s combative approach.But that does not make it right for Apple today.It may make more sense， and may ultimately make Apple more money， for it to repay its cultural debt and negotiate more flexible terms with dissatisfied developers.

　　Which of the following is true of Apple’s response to the investigations?______.

　　AIt is difficult to predict.

　　BIt angers all parties.

　　CIt mirrors Jobs’ values.

　　DIt is targeted at free apps.

　　參考答案：C

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