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2022年考研英語基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)及答案(十三)

來源:華課網(wǎng)校  [2021年1月6日]  【

  One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card. They give their owners automatic 1 in stores, restaurants, and hotels, at home, across the country, and even abroad, and they make many banking services 2 as well. More and more of those credit cards can be 3 automatically, making 4 possible to withdraw or 5 money in scattered locations, whether or not the local branch bank is open, For many of us the "cashless society" is not 6 ---- it' s already here.

  7 computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many 8 for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more than simply 9 sales. They can keep a wide 10 of records, including who sold what, when and to whom. This information allows businessmen to 11 track of their list of goods 12 showing which items are being sold and how fast they are moving. 13 to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which 14 are the busiest and which employees are the most efficient, allowing personnel and staffing assignments to be made 15 . And they also 16 preferred customers for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by manufacturers for 17 reasons. Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future and which to drop. Computers keep track of goods in 18 , of raw materials 19 hand, and even of the production process itself.

  Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from gas and electric 20 to milk processors, bring better and more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.

  1. [A] mortgage [B]acknowledgement [C] loan [D] credit

  2. [A] available [B] profitable [C] homogeneous [D] instantaneous

  3. [A] issued [B] read [C] taken [D] used

  4. [A] it [B] that [C] those [D] them

  5. [A] lodge [B] secure [C] input [D] deposit

  6. [A]on the air [B]in the distance [C] on the horizon [D]before long

  7. [A] While [B] When [C] If [D] Though

  8. [A] drawbacks [B] handicaps [C] rewards [D] advantages

  9. [A] bring up [B] ring up [C] show up [D] mark up

  10. [A] range [B] area [C] field [D] scope

  11. [A] take [B] follow [C] keep [D] make

  12. [A] with [B] through [C] in [D] by

  13 [A] Resolutions [B] Determinations [C] Requirements [D] Decisions

  14. [A] ages [B] hours [C] times [D] eras

  15.[A] respectively [B] rationally [C] accordingly [D] justifiably

  16. [A] identify [B] recognize [C] distinguish [D] discriminate

  17. [A]comparative [B] dissimilar [C] compatible [D] similar

  18. [A] stock [B] order [C] store [D] cash

  19. [A] at [B] by [C] under [D]on

  20. [A] utilities [B] appliances [C] apparatus [D] equipment

  參考答案:

  1. 【答案】D

  【解析】此題句意為:信用卡能夠自動地給其擁有者提供信用貸款。因此選credit“信用貸款”,而不是mortgage“抵押貸款”,也不是acknowledgement“承認(rèn)、致謝”或loan“貸款”。

  2. 【答案】A

  【解析】此句意為:信用卡能夠給其擁有者提供信用貸款,所以選available“能夠得到/獲得的”,其他不合文意。profitable意為“有利可圖的;有益的”;homogeneous意為“同種類的;有相同特征的”;instantaneous意為“瞬間的;即刻的”。

  3. 【答案】B

  【解析】許多信用卡可以被自動read“識讀”,其他不合文意。issued意為“發(fā)行”;taken意為“拿取”;used意為“使用”。

  4. 【答案】A

  【解析】此題考查make it possible to do的用法,其他不符合語法結(jié)構(gòu)。

  5. 【答案】D

  【解析】與withdraw“取錢”相對的詞為deposit“存錢”,其他不合文意。lodge意為“投宿;寄宿”,如:lodge at a friend’s house寄宿在一個朋友家;secure意為“獲得;防護”;input意為“輸入”。

  6. 【答案】C

  【解析】信用卡的使用已經(jīng)使美國變成了一個“無現(xiàn)金”的社會,這種“無現(xiàn)金”的社會并非on the horizon“在遙遠的未來、即將出現(xiàn)”,其他不合文意。On the air意為“在播送/廣播中”;in the distance指空間,意為“在遠方/處”;before long意為“不久”。

  7. 【答案】A

  【解析】兩句之間有并列對比關(guān)系,因此選while,意為“在……的同時”。其他不合邏輯。

  8. 【答案】D

  【解析】與conveniences“便利”相并列的選擇為advantages“好處”,其他不合文意。drawbacks意為“缺點”;handicaps意為“身體或智力方面的障礙”;rewards意為“獎賞”。

  9. 【答案】B

  【解析】現(xiàn)金出納機cash register可以up“把款項記人出納機”,其他不合文意。Bring up意為“教育、培養(yǎng)”;show up意為“使呈現(xiàn);出席”;mark up意為“使……滿是記號”。

  10. 【答案】A

  【解析】此句意為:現(xiàn)金出納機可以做各種記載,因此選range“范圍”,指屬于同一類的各種不同事物的范圍。其他不合文意。area意為“地區(qū)、領(lǐng)域”,如:in the area of language語言領(lǐng)域;field意為“領(lǐng)域”,與area同義;scope意為“活動或某科目的范圍”,如:the scope of a book一本書涉及的范圍。

  11. 【答案】C

  【解析】此句意為:出納機提供的信息可以使商人了解貨品情況。keep track of意為“記錄;掌握……的線索;留心……的進程”,其他不符合搭配。

  12. 【答案】D

  【解析】表示手段后接動名詞時,通常用by。with和through常接名詞,例如:1)eat with a spoon用勺子吃飯。2)I got the book through the library.我通過圖書館弄到這本書。in表示手段,常用作in pencil/French“用鉛筆/法語”。

  13. 【答案】D

  【解析】根據(jù)后置定語reorder or return goods“再定貨或退貨”,確定答案為decisions“決定”,make decisions意為“做決定”。其他不合文意。resolutions意為“決議”;determinations意為“堅定的決心”;requirements意為“要求”。

  14. 【答案】B

  【解析】此題句意為:電腦可以記錄最忙的營業(yè)時間,復(fù)數(shù)形式hours意為“工作/營業(yè)時間”,如:office hours營業(yè)時間;school/visiting hours上學(xué)/探視時間。其他不合文意。ages,復(fù)數(shù)形式,意為“很久”,如:Haven’t seen you for ages.好久不見;times,復(fù)數(shù)形式,意為“年代”,如:ancient times古代;eras意為“時代;紀(jì)元”,如:the era of space太空時代。

  15. 【答案】C

  【解析】此題句意為:電腦提供的記錄可以使人員任務(wù)安排做相應(yīng)調(diào)整,accordingly“相應(yīng)地”,其他不合文意。respectively意為“各自地”;rationally意為“有理性地”;justifiably意為“有理地”。

  16. 【答案】A

  【解析】題句意為:電腦可以幫助確定嘉賓客戶參加促銷活動,因此選identify“確定”,其他不合文意。recognize意為“認(rèn)出”;distinguish意為“辨別;區(qū)別”;discriminate意為“有差別地對待”。

  17. 【答案】D

  題句意為:廠家也依賴電腦是因為類似的原因。similar意為“相同的;類似的”,其他不合文意。comparative意為“對比的”,如:a comparative study對比研究;dissimilar意為“不同的”;compatible意為“兼容的;和諧的”。

  18. 【答案】A

  【解析】 instock意為“備有;有庫存”;inorder意為“井然有序的”;instore(for)意為“儲備著”;in cash意為“用現(xiàn)金”。

  19. 【答案】D

  【解析】on hand意為“現(xiàn)有的、可得到的”;at hand意為“在手邊/附近”;by hand意為“手工地”;underhand意為“私下;有人照管”。D最符合文意。

  20. 【答案】 A

  【解析】這里是對主語的舉例,需要表示公司機構(gòu)的詞,所以選utilities,意為“公用事業(yè)公司”。Gas and electric utilities意為“天然氣和電氣公司”。其他不合文意。appliances意為“家用電器”;apparatus意為“一套儀器設(shè)備”;equipment意為“設(shè)備”。

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