英語二閱讀Text 1 真題源文

　　Commentary Upfront Blog

　　A hands-on view of education

　　When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.

　　Mark Sappenfield

　　May 21, 2017 —It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.

　　Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and rote memorization, but practical, reports staff writer Stacy Teicher Khadaroo in this week’s cover story. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly bamboozled by a busted bike chain?

　　As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.

　　But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype ... that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,” he says.

　　On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new mantra. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.

　　But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all – and the subtle devaluing of anything less – misses an important point: That’s not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, a bachelor’s degree opens more doors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing, according to the National Skills Coalition, a nonprofit advocacy group. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.

　　In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them. Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.

　　We must be alert to what might be called “elitism creep.”

　　One example is in the advancement of education reforms that largely ignore rural areas, notes Andrew Rotherham of the nonprofit Bellwether Education Partners in a U.S. News & World Report article.

　　“Education reformers too often ... spend a lot of time talking to each other and obsessing about various elite political concerns,” he writes. “Instead, they might think more about what’s happening with voters, how to engage and entice them, and how to build a sustainable politics....”

　　But another manifestation is in the casual condescension that can surround vocational education.

　　Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.

　　https://www.csmonitor.com/Commentary/upfront-blog/2017/0521/A-hands-on-view-of-education

　　英語二閱讀Text 2 真題源文

　　Commentary The Monitor's View The Monitor's View

　　Renewable energy at a ‘tipping point’

　　A shift in thought

　　Washington may be showing less interest in alternative fuels, but the worldwide picture is dramatically different.

　　June 26, 2017 —Should the world promote economic growth or fight climate change? That model of “either/or” thinking may be losing its validity faster than even some experts have imagined.

　　While fossil fuels – coal, oil, gas – still generate roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it’s clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar.