(三)遙遠(yuǎn)指代
When people about to purchase goods, advertisements sway their choices, which might be misleading.
此處which所指代的應(yīng)該是名詞advertisements,此時(shí)必須緊隨其后,而不能進(jìn)行間隔指代,簡單說來,關(guān)系代詞要緊接在所指成分之后。
以上所討論的是句間的遙遠(yuǎn)指代,遙遠(yuǎn)指代的偏誤還可能存在于段落之間。例如在一段開頭就直接出現(xiàn)了it is…,用這個(gè)it指代上一個(gè)段落出現(xiàn)的某個(gè)詞或者句子,這樣的錯(cuò)誤在學(xué)生的作文當(dāng)中也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。
(四)名詞反復(fù)
Traditional foodsare very important. Traditionalfoods are symbols of nations and cultures.
其實(shí)此處第二次出現(xiàn)的traditional foods可以用they來替代。不停重現(xiàn)名詞其實(shí)是一種無能力運(yùn)用代詞的體現(xiàn),這樣的說話風(fēng)格很像老奶奶的裹腳布,又臭又長,頗有《大話西游》中唐僧的味道。
現(xiàn)在再回頭去看我們剛開始接觸到的兩個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的例句,便一目了然了:
Medical care and education are cornerstones of the society, because it is needed by both youngsters and adults.
代詞“數(shù)”的不一致,應(yīng)該把it改為they,相應(yīng)的,后面的is也應(yīng)該改為are.
Doctors are not able to control themselves'profitable activities.
反身代詞運(yùn)用錯(cuò)誤,應(yīng)該把themselves改為their own.