8. I’ve personally never ________ the view that the rich are superior to the poor-it’s unfair.

A. subscribed to B. objected to

C. attended to D. appealed to【解析】選A。句意: 我個(gè)人從來都不同意富人優(yōu)于窮人的觀點(diǎn), 那是不公平的。subscribe to同意, 符合句意; object to反對; attend to專心于, 照顧; appeal to吸引, 呼吁。

9. He became an official in the government as his parents had hoped, but he didn’t like it and had no ________ in this field.

A. ambition B. intention

C. identification D. explanation

【解析】選A。句意: 正如父母所愿, 他成為了一名政府官員, 但是他不喜歡這個(gè)職位, 在此領(lǐng)域沒有什么抱負(fù)。ambition抱負(fù), 野心; intention意圖; identification辨認(rèn), 識別; explanation解釋。

10. (2015·岳陽模擬) ________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

A. Founded B. Being founded

C. It was founded D. Founding【解析】選A。考查非謂語動詞。句意: 建于1636年的哈佛大學(xué)是美國最著名的大學(xué)之一。本句主語是Harvard, 與found之間是被動關(guān)系, 故用過去分詞形式。

11. Children’s words and actions are often fairly ________ , and they do not seem to follow a definite plan or pattern.

A. random B. aggressive

C. deliberate D. temporary

【解析】選A。句意: 孩子們的言行往往相當(dāng)隨意, 他們似乎并不遵循一定的計(jì)劃或模式。random隨意的, 隨機(jī)的; aggressive侵略的, 侵犯的; deliberate故意的; temporary臨時(shí)的。

12. The model has ________ because it improved on the idea of local online advertising.

A. caught on B. kept on

C. taken on D. held on

【解析】選A�？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意: 該模式一直很受歡迎, 因?yàn)樗鼘⒌胤皆诰�廣告的理念進(jìn)一步深化了。catch on流行, 受歡迎; keep on繼續(xù)進(jìn)行; take on承擔(dān), 呈現(xiàn); hold on握住不放, 堅(jiān)持住。

13. (2015·長沙模擬)In his victory speech ________ before a huge crowd of his supporters, Obama declared that “Change has come to America”.

A. delivered B. to be delivered

C. having delivered D. delivering

【解析】選A。句意: 奧巴馬在他的一大群支持者面前發(fā)表的獲勝演說中宣稱“美國的變革時(shí)代已經(jīng)到來”。speech和deliver之間是被動關(guān)系, 故選A。

14. Everything seemed to be going ________ for the first two days after I moved to New York.

A. vividly B. generally

C. frequently D. smoothly

【解析】選D�？疾楦痹~辨析。句意: 在我搬到紐約后的開始兩天一切看起來都很順利。A項(xiàng)表示“生動地”; B項(xiàng)表示“普遍地, 大體地”; C項(xiàng)表示“頻繁地”; D項(xiàng)表示“平滑地, 順利地”。

15. ________ by the mudslide, the city was cut off from the outside.

A. Having struck B. To be struck

C. Struck D. Being struck

【解析】選C�？疾榉侵^語動詞。句意: 由于受泥石流的襲擊, 這座城市與外界失去了聯(lián)系。此處struck by the mudslide相當(dāng)于狀語從句because it was struck by the mudslide。由此可知句子主語the city與strike之間是邏輯上的被動關(guān)系, 所以要用過去分詞。to be struck作狀語表示目的; being struck表示“正在被襲擊”。

【加固訓(xùn)練】

Just as I didn’t know what to do next, it suddenly ________ me how we could improve the situation.

A. drew　　B. struck　　C. rushed　　D. pushed

【解析】選B。It strikes/struck sb. (that). . . 某人突然想起……。這里指突然想起我們?nèi)绾胃纳七@種狀況。

閱讀理解

(2015·懷化模擬)

Eating different colored foods can keep you healthy, as well as change your mood and behavior. Here is a list of colors, which can change your life.

Blue/Purple

Blue is considered to be peaceful and calming and it has the same effect on our health. The blue/purple color in food is due primarily to their anthocyanins which are antioxidants(抗氧化劑)that are particularly heart healthy and may help support healthy blood pressure. Out of all the blue and purple foods available, blueberries are considered to have the highest antioxidant level. An analysis of the latest data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study found that people who eat purple and blue fruits and vegetables are at a reduced risk for high blood pressure and are less likely to be overweight.

A food and health expert says that blue and purple foods can prevent blood mass formation, and they also lower the risk of cancer.

Foods that contain blue and purple colors are: reddish eggplant(especially the skin), blueberries, blackberries, purple grapes, etc. .

Green

We all know that we should eat green as green symbolizes nature. The green foods are rich in isothiocyanates, which help resist cancer. Dr. Ashok Agarwal, a food and nutrition specialist, explains, “They are excellent sources of folic acid, Vitamin K, as well as carotene(胡蘿卜素). Diets high in those above are associated with lowered blood pressure. ”

Foods that contain the green color are: broccoli, cabbage, cucumbers, etc. .

Red

Lycopene(番茄紅素)in reddish fruits and vegetables is a powerful antioxidant that has been associated with a reduced risk of some cancers, and also provides protection against heart attacks.

Dr. Smiths says, “Cooked tomato sauces are associated with greater health benefits as compared with the uncooked version as the heating process allows lycopene to be more easily absorbed by the body. Obtaining the most benefit from foods depends on proper selection, storage and cooking of the produce. ”

Foods that contain the red color are: Tomatoes and tomato products, watermelon, guava, red onions, red chili, red apples, red grapes, cherries, etc. .

Orange

The orange foods are also rich in carotene, which is a particularly good antioxidant. These foods are commonly considered eyesight foods because they contain Vitamin A. Orange fruits and vegetables also play a part in preventing cancer, particularly of the lungs and stomach. Foods that contain the orange color are: Carrots, mangoes, sweet potatoes, pumpkins, etc. .

【文章大意】吃不同顏色的食物對我們的健康有好處, 同時(shí)它們還會改變我們的情緒和行為。文章介紹了一些能改變我們生活的不同顏色的食物。例如: 藍(lán)色的食物會幫助我們降血壓, 綠色的食物有利于預(yù)防癌癥等。

1. The passage tries to tell us that ________ .

A. colors mean a lot to people and their health

B. foods of different colors will have different benefits

C. eating foods with a color must prevent diseases

D. what people should eat in their daily lives

【解析】選B。主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知文章主要介紹不同顏色的食物能對我們的生活產(chǎn)生不同的作用, 由Here is a list of colors, which can change your life可知文章主要講不同顏色的食物有不同的作用。故選B。

2. All the colors mentioned in the passage have the function of ________ .

A. lowering blood pressure

B. improving eyesight

C. preventing cancer

D. reducing the risk of heart disease

【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段A food and health expert says that blue and purple foods can prevent blood mass formation, and they also lower the risk of cancer; 第五段The green foods are rich in isothiocyanates, which help resist cancer; 第八段Lycopene in reddish fruits and vegetables is a powerful antioxidant that has been associated with a reduced risk of some cancers和最后一段Orange fruits and vegetables also play a part in preventing cancer, particularly of the lungs and stomach. 可知, 文中提到的幾種顏色的食物都有預(yù)防癌癥的效果。故選C。

3. Which color can help keep us thin according to the passage?

A. Purple. 　　B. Green. 　　C. Red. 　　D. Orange.

【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段An analysis of the latest data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study found that people who eat purple and blue fruits and vegetables are at a reduced risk for high blood pressure and are less likely to be overweight. 可知選A。

4. The green and orange foods are both rich in ________ .

A. Vitamin A B. folic acid

C. carotene D. Vitamin K

【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從小標(biāo)題Green下面的段落中發(fā)現(xiàn)They are excellent sources of folic acid, Vitamin K, as well as carotene, 從小標(biāo)題Orange下面的段落中發(fā)現(xiàn)The orange foods are also rich in carotene�？芍�這兩種顏色的食物都富含胡蘿卜素carotene。

5. It can be inferred from the passage that ________ .

A. all grapes help lower the risk of high blood pressure and cancer

B. lung cancer can be prevented by eating red-colored foods

C. green-colored foods contain a lot of Vitamin A which is good for eye health

D. tomatoes should be eaten cooked so that we can benefit the most

【解析】選D。推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第四段中的Cooked tomato sauces are associated with greater health benefits as compared with the uncooked version可知選D。

Ⅲ. 任務(wù)型閱讀

(2015·南通模擬)

請認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文, 并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個(gè)最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。

注意: 每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。

You say you want to be alone? Think again. Researchers have found that older people with fewer human contacts are more likely to die-even if they’re happy in their isolation(孤立狀態(tài))-than people with richer social lives. The study adds to the debate over whether loneliness, social isolation, or some combination of the two leads to higher death rate.

Social isolation is an objective condition in which people have little communication with others. Loneliness, on the other hand, is an emotional state felt by people who are dissatisfied with their social connections.

To find out the effects of being alone versus(比對)just feeling lonely, Steptoe of University College London and his colleagues examined data from 6, 500 Britons aged 50 and up who had filled out questionnaires evaluating their levels of loneliness.

The most socially isolated subjects had a 26% greater risk of dying, even when sex, age, and other factors linked to survival were taken into account, the researchers report online today. They then made changes about their model to determine whether the connection to death was due to the fact that isolated people are often lonely. It wasn’t.

The researchers then explored the connection between loneliness itself and death. Intense loneliness also appeared to raise the risk of death by 26% -until the team took into account a host of other factors linked to survival, including wealth, education, and the presence of health problems. Once their impact had been explained, the scientists discovered that loneliness on its own didn’t make people more vulnerable(脆弱的)to death.

The researchers suspect that older people who have few social ties may not be getting the care they need. No one is urging them to eat right or take their medicine, and in a crisis no one is there to help.

Other researchers praise the new work as rigorous(嚴(yán)密的)and well-controlled. But they say it’s far from clear that social isolation, not loneliness, is always the real cause of increased death rate.

Other studies, including an analysis of older Americans led by John Cacioppo, a psychology professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, have shown a link between loneliness and a higher death rate. Cacioppo suspects that the disagreement between his study and the new research could lie with cultural differences between Steptoe’s British subjects and Americans, and that Britons and Americans may define friends differently, too.

Health psychologist Bert Uchino of the University of Utah praises the new study, but he says that researchers are still far from understanding how those two factors affect one another and other health-related behaviors.

Dangers of Isolation Passage outline Supporting details The finding of a new study and its impact ·Social isolation may(1) ________ older people’s risk of death.

·More(2) ________ is caused over older people’s higher death rate. The differences between social isolation and loneliness ·Social isolation means that people hardly(3) ________ with others or stay alone.

·Loneliness means that people are not satisfied with their social connections or(4) ________ lonely. The conclusion of the research ·The isolation actually led to a greater risk of dying, but(5) ________ itself couldn’t cause the higher death rate.

·The cause of higher death rate might lie in their lack of good care and timely(6) ________ . The(7) ________ of others’ ·It was still(8) ________ that social isolation rather than loneliness is the real cause of higher death rate.

·Cultural differences between Britons and Americans might explain the(9) ________ result of the study by John Cacioppo.

·There is still a long way to go before(10) ________ how those two factors affect one another.

1. 【解析】increase/raise。原文詞匯。根據(jù)第五段中appeared to raise the risk of death可知。

2. 【解析】debate。原文詞匯。根據(jù)第一段中“adds to the debate over. . . ”可知。

3. 【解析】communicate。轉(zhuǎn)換詞匯。根據(jù)第二段have little communication with others可知。此空填謂語動詞形式, 故用動詞communicate。

4. 【解析】feel。轉(zhuǎn)換詞匯。根據(jù)第二段中“an emotional state felt”和第三段中的“just feeling lonely”可知此空填feel。

5. 【解析】loneliness。原文詞匯。根據(jù)第五段最后的“l(fā)oneliness on its own didn’t make. . . ”可知。

6. 【解析】help。轉(zhuǎn)換詞匯。根據(jù)第六段最后的“is there to help”可知。此空的help是名詞。

7. 【解析】opinions/views/ideas。概括性詞匯。根據(jù)表格右欄內(nèi)容可知。

8. 【解析】unclear/vague/ambiguous。轉(zhuǎn)換詞匯。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的“far from clear”可知。

9. 【解析】different。轉(zhuǎn)換詞匯。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句的“define friends differently”可知。

10. 【解析】understanding。原文詞匯。根據(jù)原文最后一段中的far from understanding可知。

【語篇隨練分析閱讀理解中的句子。

1. An analysis of the latest data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study found that people who eat purple and blue fruits and vegetables are at a reduced risk for high blood pressure and are less likely to be overweight.

句式分析: 句中含有兩個(gè)從句, 第一個(gè)是that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句; 第二個(gè)是who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾people。

自主翻譯: 2. A food and health expert says that blue and purple foods can prevent blood mass formation, and they also lower the risk of cancer.

句式分析: 句中含有that引導(dǎo)的兩個(gè)賓語從句。

自主翻譯: 答案：1. 來自全國健康和營養(yǎng)狀況調(diào)查的最新分析數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn), 吃紫色和藍(lán)色水果和蔬菜的人患高血壓的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)低并且不太可能超重。

2. 一個(gè)食品衛(wèi)生專家說, 藍(lán)色和紫色的食物可以防止血癖的形成, 并且也能夠降低患癌癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。