An adult giraffe's head is about six feet above its heart. This means that to 36 enough blood up to the brain the circulatory 37 must be strong enough to keep the blood at very high pressure.
Biologists have known for some time that giraffes solve this problem by having 38 high blood pressure, about 39 that of human beings. But an international team of biologists began to 40 about this. If giraffes have such high blood pressure, they should have a 41 problem with swelling in their legs and feet. Why don’t giraffes have swollen feet?
Giraffes should have 42 problem, too. Every time they bend heads 43 to drink, the blood should 44 to their heads and have a hard time 45 back up (when the head is down) to the heart. How come giraffes don't black out when they drink?
The answer to the 46 feet problem, the researchers found, is that giraffes have 47 the researchers call a “natural anti-gravity suit”. It 48 out that the skin and other 49 in their legs and feet are 50 stiffer and tougher than those of other 51 . As a result, the blood vessels in the leg cannot swell.
Therefore, the blood has nowhere to go but back to the heart. What about blood rushing to the head 52 the giraffe bends down to drink? The researchers found that the giraffe’s jugular vein, which 53 blood from the head back to the heart, has lots of one-way valves in it. In the giraffe’s neck, there are lots of muscles that flex and relax repeatedly as the animal moves its head and sucks 54 drinking water. By squeezing the valve jugular vein, they 55 blood moving back to the heart even while the animal is drinking.
36. A. bring B. produce C. transfer D. pump
37. A. structure B. system C. function D. organism
38. A. unusually B. generally C. uncomfortably D. commonly
39. A. half B. multiple C. double D. pair
40. A. investigate B. wonder C. undertake D. learn
41. A. terrible B. unreliable C. unsolvable D. advisable
42. A. other B. some C. others D. another
43. A. up B. down C. toward D. aside
44. A. crush B. brush C. push D. rush
45. A. following B. returning C. plowing D. pouring
46. A. healthy B. swollen C. dreary D. radical
47. A. what B. where C. that D. those
48. A. reveals B. indicates C. figures D. turns
49. A. tissues B. vessels C. pores D. organs
50. A. many B. very C. much D. less
51. A. giraffes B. animals C. people D. creatures
52. A. whenever B. whatever C. however D. wherever
53. A. reflects B. releases C. receives D. carries
54. A. in B. up C. to D. from
55. A. permit B. prevent C. retain D. keep
答案解析:
36. D
詞義辨析題。文章第一句就指出,成年長頸鹿的腦袋在心臟以上6英尺高的地方。空格所在句子意為“這意味著,要________足夠的血液到大腦,循環(huán)________必須足夠強壯才能保持血液有很強的壓力!眕ump除了表示“用泵抽”之意,還可以表示“(用泵拉取)注入”,符合句意,所以D正確。
37. B
詞義辨析題。由空格所在句意可知,空格處是指長頸鹿的循環(huán)系統(tǒng),所以B正確。
38. A
詞義辨析題。空格所在句意為“生物學(xué)家已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)長頸鹿有________很高的血壓能解決這個問題”。由此可知,這個很高的血壓應(yīng)該是與眾不同的,所以A正確。
39. C
詞義辨析題。根據(jù)空格前面句子意思可知,空格處應(yīng)該是一個表示倍數(shù)的詞。double是名詞,意為“兩倍”,符合句意,所以選C。前面提到長頸鹿的血壓很高,所以排除A;multiple只是指“倍數(shù),若干”,但是沒有說明是多少倍,所以排除。
40. B
詞義辨析題?崭袼诰渥泳涫椎腷ut表示轉(zhuǎn)折,說明句子內(nèi)容與前面提到的內(nèi)容不同,選項中只有wonder一詞可以表達這種不同,即“一個國際生物學(xué)家小組對此表示懷疑”,所以B正確。
41. A
詞義辨析題?崭袼诘木湟鉃椤叭绻L頸鹿的血壓有這么高,那么它們會有________的問題”。選項中terrible意為“很糟糕的”,unreliable意為“不可靠的”,unsolvable意為“不能解決的”,advisable意為“可取的”,只有terrible符合句意,所以A正確。
42. D
詞義辨析題。通讀第三段可知,該段是在講長頸鹿血壓很高的話為什么喝水時不會暈倒這個問題,所以該空格所在句子意為“長頸鹿還應(yīng)該有另一個問題”,而不是“有其他問題”,所以D正確。排除A。
43. B
詞義辨析題。根據(jù)常識可知,長頸鹿要把頭低下來喝水,所以B正確。
44. D
詞義辨析題。本句意為“長頸鹿低頭喝水時,血液應(yīng)該________到大腦!眗ush意為“沖;急流”,符合句意,所以D正確。crush意為“壓碎”,brush意為“刷”,push意為“推動”。
45. C
詞義辨析題。根據(jù)句意可知,長頸鹿頭低下的時候,血液流回到心臟比較困難,所以C正確。return作不及物動詞時雖然也可以表示“返回”,但它本身已經(jīng)包含back的含義,所以排除。
46. B
詞義辨析題。聯(lián)系上下文可知,如果長頸鹿血壓很高,那么它們會有腿部腫脹的問題,空格所在句子就是指長頸鹿對于腿部腫脹問題的解決,所以B正確。原文第二段已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)swollen feet這一表達,根據(jù)原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)的原理也可知本題選B。
47. A
語法結(jié)構(gòu)題?崭駷樗诰渥訌木涞囊龑(dǎo)詞,在從句中作賓語,所以A正確。
48. D
慣用搭配題。選項中能與out搭配的詞有figure和turn, figure out意為“計算出;解決”,不合句意,排除;turn out意為“證實;發(fā)覺是”,符合句意,所以D正確。reveal意為“揭示”,indicate意為“指出”。
49. A
詞義辨析題?崭袂暗腶nd說明空格處的詞和skin并列,句意為“它們腿和腳上的皮膚和其他________”。tissue意為“組織”,符合句意,所以A正確。vessel意為“血管”,pore意為“小孔”,organ意為“器官”。
50. C
語法結(jié)構(gòu)題。空格后為兩個形容詞比較級,由此可知空格應(yīng)該是能夠修飾形容詞比較級的詞,結(jié)合句意可知,長頸鹿腿和腳的皮膚和其他組織更堅硬,所以much符合句意,C正確。
51. B
詞義辨析題。由空格前的than可知,是用長頸鹿和其他動物作比較,所以B正確。
52. A
邏輯銜接題?崭袼诰渥右鉃椤癬_______長頸鹿低頭喝水時,血液沖向大腦怎么辦?”根據(jù)句意可知,whenever符合句意,所以A正確。
53. D
詞義辨析題?崭袼诰渥右鉃椤(長頸鹿的勁靜脈)能將血液從大腦________回心臟”,carry符合句意,所以D正確。
54. B
慣用搭配題。suck up意為“吸收”,suck in意為“利用;欺騙;詐取”,to和from不能和suck搭配,suck up符合句意,所以B正確。
55. D
詞義辨析題?崭袼诰湟鉃椤巴ㄟ^擠壓勁靜脈的閥門,它們能________血液流回到心臟,甚至在長頸鹿喝水的時候也能!眐eep符合句意,所以D正確。
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