Every human being, no matter what he is doing, gives off body heat. The usual problem is how to dispose of it. But the designers of the Johnstown campus of the University of Pittsburgh set themselves the opposite problem-how to collect body heat. They have designed a collection system which utilizes not only body heat, but the heat given off by such objects as light bubs and refrigerators as well. The system works so well that no conventional fuel is needed to make the campus's six buildings comfortable.

　　Some parts of most modern buildings-theaters and offices as well as classrooms are more than amply heated by people and lights and sometimes must be air-conditioned even in winter. The technique of saving heat and redistributing it is called "heat recovery." A few modern buildings recover heat, but the University's system is the first to recover heat from some buildings and re-use it in others.

　　Along the way, pit has learned a great deal about some of its heat producers. The harder a student studies, the more heat his body gives off. (76) Male students emit more heat than female students, and the larger a student, the more heat he produces. It is tempting to conclude that the hottest prospect for the Johnstown campus would be a hardworking, overweight male genius.

　　1. Until recently, body heat has caused problems because it ______.

　　A. was difficult to collect

　　B. came in a variety of forms

　　C. was difficult to get rid of

　　D. tended to be absorbed by physical objects

　　2. Which of the following is true of the heating system of the Johnstown campus?

　　A. The heat is supplied by human bodies only.

　　B. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and other heat-emitting objects.

　　C. The heat is supplied by both human bodies and conventional fuel.

　　D. The heat is supplied by human bodies, other heat-emitting objects, and conventional fuel.

　　3.The phrase "even in winter" (in line 8) most nearly means ______.

　　A. if the winter is especially warm

　　B. during all of the year except the winter

　　C. in the winter as well as in other seasons

　　D. during the evenings in the winter

　　4. The phrase "heat recovery" refers to a ______.

　　A. method of concealing the source of heat

　　B. special form of air conditioning

　　C. supplementary hot water system

　　D. way of reclaiming and re-using heat

　　5. According to the passage which of the following would produce the LEAST amount of heat?

　　A. A fat female who studies hard.

　　B. A thin female who does not study.

　　C. A fat male who does not study.

　　D. A thin male who studies hard.

　　一、文章大意和總體結(jié)構(gòu)分析

　　這篇文章，向我們介紹了一種全新的能量利用方式，收集人體熱能用于供熱。在大力提倡環(huán)保的當(dāng)今社會(huì)，這種能源的回收再利用意義重大，這篇文章開闊了學(xué)生的視野。

　　文章的開頭作者便提出身體熱能這個(gè)人人皆知的概念，雖然我們知道身體會(huì)排除熱量，但是卻從未想過去利用這些熱量。第二句作者便將讀者帶入一個(gè)全新的視角，即如何在生活中利用這些熱量。匹茲堡大學(xué)的例子很好地證明了人體熱量的利用價(jià)值。

　　接下來(lái)，作者比較詳細(xì)地介紹了這種利用人體熱量的系統(tǒng)，即熱量回收再利用，并指出已經(jīng)有一些大樓正在利用這種自然、環(huán)保的資源。

　　最后一段，作者向我們介紹了一項(xiàng)有趣的研究成果，即身體強(qiáng)壯、學(xué)習(xí)刻苦的男性會(huì)排放出更多的熱量。

　　二、試題詳解

　　1.C 答案是開頭的第二句：The usual problem is how to dispose of it.Dispose of “處理解決”。

　　2.B 答案在第一段的第三句中。他們?cè)O(shè)計(jì)了一種收集系統(tǒng)，它不但利用身體的熱，還收集由燈泡、冰箱等散發(fā)出來(lái)的熱。有了這兩種熱能，作者指出在校園中已無(wú)需任何conventional fuel。

　　3.C 第二段中說：大多數(shù)現(xiàn)代化的大樓有些部分-戲院、辦公室以及教室是用人體和燈光的熱來(lái)供熱的，有時(shí)候甚至在冬天的空調(diào)也是由它們來(lái)供熱。Even意為“甚至”。

　　4.D 回收再利用熱能。此題考察學(xué)生對(duì)全文的總結(jié)能力，以及reclaim和re-use的詞義。

　　5.B 最后一段倒數(shù)第二句說：男學(xué)生發(fā)出的熱量比女生發(fā)出的熱量多，學(xué)生體重越重產(chǎn)生的熱量越多。學(xué)習(xí)刻苦的比學(xué)習(xí)不刻苦的產(chǎn)生的熱量多。所以最瘦的女生產(chǎn)生的熱量最少。

　　三、文章長(zhǎng)難句分析