2018年學位英語考試重點詞匯(6)
1.much, very
都可表示“很”。
much用來修飾動詞意義很強的過去分詞;very一般修飾形容詞或已失去動作意義的過去分詞。
一些只作表語的形容詞,一般多用much修飾。
very much是much的加強語,因此,能用much的地方,都能用very much。
修飾形容詞原級用very,修飾比較級用much。
much可修飾名詞,very不能。
2.neglect, overlook, ignore
neglect可以是有意,也可以是無意地“忽略”或“忽視”應該做的事。如:If others neglect their duty to you, be sure that you perform yours to them. (即使他人忽略了履行對你的義務,你也要履行你對他們的義務。)
overlook指由于粗心大意,匆忙而“看漏”或“忽略”某東西或某事實。如:His services have been overlooked by his employers.(他的工作一直沒有得到雇主的重視。)
ignore不顧,不理,常指有意地不理,不加分析地拒絕考慮。如:She saw him coming but she ignored him.
3.happen, occur, take place
均表示“發(fā)生”。
happen是常用詞,指偶然或按計劃的發(fā)生。如:When did the explosion happen?(爆炸什么時候發(fā)生?)
occur是較正式的用詞,主要用以指無計劃的發(fā)生。
take place多表示情況或事情按計劃發(fā)生。如:The story took place in 1917.(故事發(fā)生在1917年。)
4.chance, opportunity, occasion
chance多指偶然的機會,意外的機會,帶有僥幸的意味。如:Even so, it was a lucky chance that he could do it.(即使如此,那也是他憑著僥幸才做到這點。)
opportunity主要指能夠去做某事,尤其是達到自己目的,實現某種愿望的好機會。如:You should make the most of your opportunities of seeing the country and learning the language.(你應該盡量利用你的機會去看看這個國家,學習它的語言。)
occasion主要指“時機”,“場合”,也含有“機會”的意思。如:The flags are hung out on the occasion of the National Day.(每逢國慶節(jié),國旗都懸持出來了。)
5.persist, insist
persist堅持,后面常接介詞in。如:He persisted in carrying on his work in spite of great fatigue.(他雖然疲倦極了,可仍堅持工作。)
insist堅持,后面接介詞on,也可直接連用that引導的名詞從句。如:He insisted on my going there with him. (He insisted that I should go there with him.)
6.preserve, conserve, reserve
preserve堅持,后面常接介詞in。如:The ship is equipped with special refrigerating devices to preserve food for the whole voyage.(船上設有特殊冷藏設備,在整個航程中保存食物。)
conserve保存,儲藏,強調采取措施精心保護某物,防止不必要的浪費,損失或變化。如:He is conserving his energy for the last twenty-meter dash.(他正在為最后20米沖刺保存實力。)
reserve留存(在資金,人力,原料等),保留(權力等)。如:Reserve enough money for your home fare.(留足你回家的路費。)
7.probable, possible, likely
probable很可能的,大概的,語氣較possible強。如:It is probable that the cost will be greater than we think.(花費很可能比我們料想的要多。)
possible強調客觀上可能性,但常帶有“實際可能性很小”的暗示。如:It’s possible, though not probable, that he will accept these terms. (他有可能接受這些條件,但希望很小。)
likely暗示從表面跡象來判斷“有可能的”。如:It is likely that he will come.(他多半會來。)
8.purpose, goal, aim, end, object
purpose目的,意圖,比較確定,多指采取堅決的行動去達到目的。如:The tutor explained the purpose of the exercise.(導師說明了該練習的目的。)
goal指經過仔細考慮而選中的比較大的目標,常需要努力或克服困難才能達到的目的。如:The goal of her desire is to be a singer.(她渴望成為一名歌唱家。)
aim常指短期目標,往往比較具體,也比較實際。如:My first aim is to receive a complete and good education.(我的第一個目標是接受完整和良好的教育。)
end目標,目的,較正式。如:My chief end is to serve my country and my people.(我的首要目標是為國為民服務。)
object指較明確具體的單個目標,往往出于直接的需要和愿望。如:What is the object of your visit?(你訪問的目的是什么?)
9.respectable, respected, respectful, respective
都是形容詞。
respectable可尊敬的,值得尊重的。如:His parents were poor but respectable.(他父母雖窮卻令人尊敬。)
respected表示受人尊敬的,可用于對年長的人,權威性的意見等。
respectful指“充滿敬意的”,是主動性的尊重他人。如:The students were very respectful towards the great man.(這些學生對這位偉人十分敬仰。)
respective表“各自分別的”,修飾名詞時,名詞一般用復數。如:They went back to their respective houses.(他們回了各自的家。)
10.round, around
round作副詞時,同around意思相近,規(guī)范用法應區(qū)別動態(tài)和靜態(tài)。 Round用于圓周運動或測量,around用于指遍及表面或中心附近。如:The spaceship traveled round the world in 40 minutes. They planted trees around the lawn.
around用于指遍及表面或中心附近。如:The spaceship traveled round the world in 40 minutes. They planted trees around the lawn.
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