1.完全倒裝

　　將句子的主語和謂語完全顛倒過來，稱之為完全倒裝。例如：Now comes the chance. 機(jī)會來了。

　　2.部分倒裝

　　只將助動詞、系動詞或情態(tài)動詞移至主語之前，謂語的其他部分仍保留在主語的后面，稱之為部分倒裝。例如：

　　Seldom have we felt as comfortable as here. 我們難得像在這里這么舒服。

　　Only in this way can we do the work better. 只有這樣我們才能把工作做得更好。

　　3.倒裝的原因

　　a)一些句型的固定用法。

　　例如：Such were his last words. 他最后的話就是這樣。

　　b)強(qiáng)調(diào)的需要。倒裝以后，句子更加流暢生動。

　　例如：Never before have we seen such a sight. 以前我們從來沒有見過這樣的情景。

　　Before us lay a lot of difficulties. 在我們前面有很多困難。

　　4.倒裝句的基本用法

　　在以here, there, now, then, in, away, up down等副詞開頭的句子中：

　　Away went the crowd one by one. 人們一個一個地離去。

　　Here comes our teacher! 我們的老師來了!

　　a)副詞only+狀語放在句首時：

　　Only then did he realize his mistakes . 只有在那時他才認(rèn)識到自己的錯誤。

　　Only in this way can you learn maths well. 只有用這種方法你才能學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)。

　　b)含有否定意義的副詞或連詞(如little, hardly, never, rarely, no sooner…than)放在句首時：

　　Little did I think that he could be back alive. 我沒有想到他竟能活著回來。

　　Not until New Year's Day shall I give you a gift. 我要到元旦那天才能給你禮物。

　　Hardly had the train arrived at the station when we ran towards the sleeping car looking for our guests. 火車剛一進(jìn)站，我們就跑到臥車那兒去找我們的客人。

　　c)副詞so或 neither (nor) 在句首：

　　He is interested in pop-songs, and so am I.他對流行歌曲感興趣，我也如此。

　　He hasn't been to the countryside, neither does he want to go there. 他沒有去過農(nóng)村，他也不想去那里。

　　d)在方式狀語thus開頭的句子中及程度狀語so放句首：

　　Thus ended his life. 這樣結(jié)束了他的生命。

　　So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. 他講話的聲音那樣大，連隔壁屋子里的人都聽得見。

　　So small were the words that he could hardly see them. 字那么小，他幾乎看不見。

　　難點(diǎn)釋疑：

　　1. so作“也”講時，引導(dǎo)的句子用倒裝語序。

　　例如：He went to the film last night. So did I. 他昨天晚上去看電影了，我也去了。

　　如不作“也”講而只起連詞作用，表示一種結(jié)果的意思，句子就要用正常語序。例如：

　　His mother told him to go to the film. So he did. 他母親叫他去看電影，他就去了。

　　"He is a tall thin man." "So he is." “他又高又瘦�！薄按_實(shí)如此�！�

　　2.Young as he is, he knows a lot. 雖然他年輕，卻知道很多東西。

　　3. 在虛擬語氣中，如果非真實(shí)條件句省略if，須將主句中的were, had和should等助動詞和主語顛倒形成部分倒裝。

　　例如：Were he younger (= If he were younger), he would learn skating. 假如他年輕一些，他就會去學(xué)溜冰。

　　Should they forget =(If they should forget) to bring a map with them, they would get lost in the woods. 如果他們忘記帶一張地圖的話，他們就會在深林里迷路。

　　Had they realized (= If they had realized) how important the task was, they wouldn't have refused to accept it. 假如他們認(rèn)識到這個任務(wù)是多么重要的話，他們就不致于拒絕接受這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。