非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主要形式有不定式、動(dòng)名詞、分詞。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞雖然不充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，可以分別充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。

　　1.掌握好非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的正確使用。

　　如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之后或同時(shí)，用一般式，如果非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作在主要謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，則用完成式。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者還是接受者決定了應(yīng)當(dāng)用主動(dòng)式還是被動(dòng)式。

　　例：The famous novel is said _____ into Chinese.

　　A. to have translated B. to be translate

　　C. to have been translated D. to translate

　　答案為C。

　　2.英語(yǔ)中有些動(dòng)詞后跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，有些動(dòng)詞后面則接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，還有一些動(dòng)詞的后邊既可以接不定式，也可以接動(dòng)名詞，有時(shí)意義不變，但有時(shí)卻在意義上大不相同，所以必須牢記有關(guān)非謂語(yǔ)形式的基本知識(shí)。

　　1)We shall appreciate _____ from you soon.

　　A. being heard B. hearing

　　C. to hear D. having been heard

　　答案是B。appreciate 這個(gè)詞后面只能接動(dòng)名詞，且應(yīng)該是其一般式。

　　2)The man in the corner confessed to _____ a lie to the manager of the company.

　　A. have told B. be told

　　C. being told D. having told

　　短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞confess to中的to是介詞，不是動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)，因此選項(xiàng)A和B可以排除。選項(xiàng)C是動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式，而動(dòng)名詞后邊已經(jīng)有了賓語(yǔ)a lie ,因此動(dòng)名詞不能是被動(dòng)式，因此正確答案是D。用完成形式的動(dòng)名詞表示這個(gè)動(dòng)作在主要?jiǎng)釉~之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生。

　　3)We all feel sorry for _____ for so long after your arrival.

　　A. keep you waiting B. having kept you waiting

　　C. waiting for you D. keep you wait

　　答案為B。

　　3.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)充語(yǔ)時(shí)，要弄清哪些動(dòng)詞后面可以跟不定式作賓補(bǔ)，哪些動(dòng)詞后面可以跟分詞作賓補(bǔ)。

　　1)we are going to have our office _____ to make room for a new engineer.

　　A. to rearrange B. rearrange

　　C. rearranged D. rearranging

　　答案為C。

　　2)Mr. and Mrs. Smith didn’t expect the house _____ so well.

　　A. to be decorated B. to decorate

　　C. be decorated D. decorating

　　decorate是及物動(dòng)詞，因此可以排除B和D，C項(xiàng)缺了不定式的符號(hào)to，因此正確答案為A。

　　3)There was so much noise that the speaker couldn’t make himself _____.

　　A. hearing B. being heard

　　C. to hear D. heard

　　hear 在本句中是及物動(dòng)詞，據(jù)此可以排除A和C，B項(xiàng)選擇形式不對(duì)，因此D是正確答案。

　　4)The manager has his employees _____ a business report every week.

　　A. to write B. written

　　C. writing D. write

　　答案為D。have和get后面接賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，要用過(guò)去分詞或無(wú)to不定式。

　　4.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，尤其是分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須和句子的主語(yǔ)一致。

　　例：Arriving at the bus stop, _____ waiting there.

　　A. he found a lot of people B. a lot of people were

　　C. he found a lot of people’s D. people were found

　　根據(jù)上面所述，可以首先排除B和D，C項(xiàng)中的people’s結(jié)構(gòu)不對(duì)，正確答案只能是A。