41. base, basis

　　base表事物的下部的底部，多用于具體事物。

　　basis多用于比喻，主要指命題的基礎(chǔ)。如：His ideas have no basis in reality.(他的意見缺乏現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。)

　　42. beat, win

　　beat表在比賽和戰(zhàn)斗中打敗對(duì)手，后接對(duì)手作賓語。

　　Win作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，其賓語為游戲、比賽、戰(zhàn)斗、獎(jiǎng)金等名詞。如：He has won the race.(他贏得了賽跑的勝利。)

　　43. beneath, below, under

　　beneath表示同表面接觸，與on 相對(duì)。Below表示“在下面，低于”，與above相對(duì)。

　　under表示“在……正下方”與over相對(duì)。

　　44. beside, besides

　　beside在……旁邊。如：Come and sit beside me.

　　besides除……之外。如：I have two other umbrellas besides this one.

　　45. big, great, large

　　big強(qiáng)調(diào)體積，質(zhì)量，容量和重量大。如：a big box。Big也有抽象意義，指重大的事件或行為。如：a big mistake

　　great帶感情色彩，多指程度和質(zhì)量，指具體事物或人時(shí)，表“突出”，“引人注目”。如：a great man

　　large多指面積，數(shù)目或數(shù)量大。如：a large population, a large number等。

　　46. bloom, blossom

　　bloom多指供觀賞植物的開花。如：The roses are blooming.

　　blossom多指果樹等植物的開花。如：The apple trees are blossoming.

　　47. borrow, lend

　　borrow借入。如：Can I borrow your pen for a moment?

　　lend把……借給。如：Can you lend me your bike?

　　48. bring, take

　　bring帶來。如：Bring me some water, please.

　　take拿走。如：Shall I take some flowers when I go and see her?

　　49. calculate, compute, estimate

　　calculate通常指用數(shù)學(xué)方法進(jìn)行比較復(fù)雜，難度較大的精確計(jì)算。如：You can’t expect a schoolboy to calculate distances in astronomy.

　　compute常指比較簡單的運(yùn)算。如：It was computed that two thirds of the students in the class passed the examination.

　　estimate估計(jì)，常指對(duì)數(shù)量、成本等事先進(jìn)行判斷或估計(jì)。如：Some farmers asked the weatherman to estimate next year’s rainfall.

　　50. cheat, deceive, trick

　　cheat欺騙，常用詞，主要指為了自己的利益欺騙人。

　　deceive表示隱瞞真相或以假相騙人。如：The boy deceived the teacher by lying.

　　trick哄騙，表示耍手段進(jìn)行欺騙，強(qiáng)調(diào)在行騙時(shí)使用計(jì)策，有時(shí)也指并非出于惡意的欺騙。如：Tom cleverly tricked his mother into approval.