IV. Reading Comprehension ( 60 points )

　　Directions:There are five reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by four questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.

　　Human needs seem endless. They might be regarded as making up several levels. When there is enough money to satisfy one level of needs, another level appears.

　　The first and most basic level of needs involves food. Once this level is satisfied,the second level of needs, clothing and some sort of shelter, appears. By the end of World War Ⅱ , these needs were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. Then a third level appeared. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

　　By 1957 or 1958 this third level of needs was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s, a fourth level of needs appeared:the "life-enriching" level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction, that is, the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation, this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement, and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services. Among them are vacation trips ,the best medical and dental care, and recreation. Also included here are fancy goods and the latest styles in clothing.

　　On the fourth level,a lot of money is spent on services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods.

　　A fifth level would probably involve needs that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance,

　　crime, and prejudice. After filling our stomachs, our clothes closets, our garages, our teeth, and our minds, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure to enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

　　( )36. According to the passage,man will begin to think about such needs as housing and clothing only when

　　A. he has saved up enough money

　　B. he has grown dissatisfied with his simple shelter

　　C. he has satisfied his hunger

　　D. he has learned to build houses

　　答案：C

　　( ) 37. It can be inferred from the passage that by the end of World WarⅡ,most Americans

　　A. were very rich

　　B. lived in poverty

　　C. did not own automobiles

　　D. had own automobiles

　　答案：C

　　( )38. What is the main concern of man on the fourth level?

　　A. The more goods the better.

　　B. The more "luxury'" items the better.

　　C. The more mental satisfaction the better.

　　D. The more earnings the better.

　　答案：C

　　( )39. The author tends to think that the fifth level

　　A. would be little better than the fourth level

　　B. may be a lot more desirable than the first four

　　C. can be the last and most satisfying level

　　D. will become attainable before the government takes actions

　　答案：C

　　It was a case of emergency. The four-year-old girl awoke and smelled smoke. She couldn't wake

　　her mother, so she dialed "zero". An operator immediately called the fire department. Help was sent,

　　and a tragedy avoided.

　　Days before this emergency, the mother had taught her child how to telephone for help. Children as

　　young as two and one-half years old can be taught to use the phone in emergency situations. Here are

　　some points.

　　Memorizing certain facts is important. Teach your children their names, and the section of town where you live. Try to keep what they learn within their abilities. Simple information, learned well, is better than difficult information only partly learned.

　　Be sure your children know how to use the telephone. They should be taught to dial "zero"for the operator,at the very least. And they should be taught to dial "911" if it is used in your town.

　　Practice over a period of several days. Over-learning is necessary so the child can act automatically in case of emergency.

　　If you would like a booklet giving instructions on calling for help, write Telephone For Help,Box 99, Bowling Green Station, New York, NY 10004.

　　( )40. Based on this passage,over-learning is good because

　　A. simple information is used

　　B. children should know their names

　　C. it helps children act automatically

　　D. difficult information is only partly learned

　　答案：C

　　( )41. Paragraph 4 talks about dialing "911". This number is probably

　　A. the operator

　　B. an emergency number

　　C. a practice number for children

　　D. used to keep children calm

　　答案：B

　　( )42. One thing the passage does NOT tell you to do is

　　A. call your neighbor

　　B. practice several times

　　C. teach children how to use the telephone

　　D. have children memorize some simple facts

　　答案：A

　　( )43. What is the main idea of the passage.

　　A. Give instructions on calling for help.

　　B. Partly-learned information is useless.

　　C. Teach children how to deal with emergencies.

　　D. Keep what children learn within their abilities.

　　答案：C