不定代詞

　　一、“every”(每一個)只作為定語使用，即必須在其后加上單數可數名詞構成名詞短語，它不可與everyone(每一個)混淆。 everyone相當于名詞，它不可修飾其他名詞，只作主語或賓語

　　1) Every [A] knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated， but how many [B] realize that they were once [C] homes for the indigent and the friendless [D] ?

　　2) Everyone [A] child in the United States must [B] receive [C] some form of educational instruction [D] .

　　例題解析

　　1) A錯。every不可單獨充當句子成分，應在其后加上person或改為everyone.

　　2) A錯。改為Every，修飾child.

　　二、“much”和“many”分別修飾不可數名詞和可數名詞，可作為代詞(如much of)和形容詞使用

　　3) Food seasoning plays an important [A] role in the cooking [B] customs of much [C] cultures in [D] the world.

　　4) The general sales tax has been [A] a major source of income for state governments， much [B] of which derive more than half [C] of their budgets from [D] it.

　　5) Data received from [A] two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidence [B] that huge thunderstorms are now occurring [C] around the equator [D] of the planet Saturn.

　　例題解析

　　3) C錯。應改為of many，因為被修飾詞cultures為可數名詞，故其修飾語應用many，而much要修飾不可數名詞。

　　4) B錯。應改用many，因此處所指代的是可數名詞governments(復數)，many在本句中為代詞，作非限定性定語從句的主語。

　　5) B錯。應改為much evidence，因為evidence(證據，跡象)為不可數名詞，故應用much來修飾。

　　三、 “some”和“any”是表示不定數量的代詞，相當于漢語的“一些”，作定語可修飾可數名詞復數或不可數名詞，其中some(包括它的合成詞something，someone， somebody)多用于肯定句，而any(包括它的合成詞anything， anyone， anybody)則用于疑問句和否定句中，其中any在否定句中相當于漢語中的“任何”;形容詞修飾something， someone， somebody， anything， anyone， anybody， nothing， nobody時，形容詞要放在這些詞的后邊

　　6) Historians [A] have never reached some general [B] agreement about [C] the precise causes of the [D] Civil War in the United States.

　　例題解析

　　6) B錯。應為any general，因為本句為否定句(否定副詞never)，應該用any，此處表示“(沒有達成過) 任何共識”。

　　四、“another”和“other”分別表示“另外的一個”(an+other)和“另外的”“其余的”意思，可以用作定語修飾名詞或單獨作主語與賓語，其中前者只用來修飾或指代單數可數名詞，后者修飾單復數名詞和不可數名詞，二者不能相互混淆

　　7) Lizards lack [A] the built�瞚n body temperature control [B] many another [C] creatures possess [D] .

　　8) Some bacterium are extremely [A] harmful， but anothers [B] are regularly [C] used in producing cheeses， crackers， and many other foods [D] .

　　9) Like [A] most another [B] art forms， the Greek tragedy had [C] its origins in religious [D] observances.

　　例題解析

　　7) C錯。應改用other來修飾可數復數名詞creatures.本句是一個省略了關系代詞that(或which)的定語從句，control為名詞作主句中及物動詞(謂語)lack的賓語，同時又受其后面定語從句的修飾。

　　8) B錯。 改為others.

　　9) B錯。 改為other.

　　五、one與other “one”作為代詞代替前面提到的人或物，它前邊加the; “other”作代詞修飾復數名詞。 “one…another”表示“一個…另一個”的意思，或表示多個(三者以上)之中的“另一個”，“又一個”; “one…the other”表示兩者之中剩下的“另一個，又一個”

　　10) I’d like to [A] buy a coat similar [B] to one [C] you are wearing [D] .

　　11) Though [A] Art Tatum was totally blind in one eye and had only slight [B] vision in another [C] ， he became [D] an internationally renowned jazz musician.

　　例題解析

　　10) C錯。改為to the one.

　　11) C錯。應用the other，因為此處表示兩者之中的另一個，Art Tatum為人的名字，他只有兩只眼睛，故提到“另一只”時應用the other.

　　六、 “few”和“l(fā)ittle”兩者分別為“many”和“much”的反義詞，表示“少，很少”的意思，有否定含義，即等于“幾乎沒有”，如若表示肯定的含義，則應在little和few前加不定冠詞“a”，即變?yōu)椤癮 few”和“a little”

　　12) Because they are generally [A] taken simply to obtain a recognizable [B] and relatively clear [C] image， most non�瞤refessional photographs demand few [D] equipment.