When a new movementin art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what itsadvocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable theirprinciples may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may beregarded as normal. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is ratherdifficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be―even admitting thatthe theory on which it is based may be right―it can hardly beclassed as Literature。

　　This, in brief, is what the Futurist says: for a century, pastconditions of life have been conditionally speeding up, till now we live in aworld of noise and violence and speed. Consequently, our feelings, thoughts andemotions have undergone a corresponding change. This speeding up of life, saysthe Futurist, requires a new form of expression. We must speed up ourliterature too, if we want to interpret modern stress. We must pour out a largestream of essential words, unhampered by stops, or qualifying adjectives, orfinite verbs. Instead of describing sounds we must make up words that imitatethem; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the samepage, and shorten or lengthen words at will。

　　Certainly their descriptions of battles are confused. But it is alittle upsetting to read in the explanatory notes that a certain line describesa fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which theyboth fall into the river—and then to find that the line consists of the noise of theirfalling and the weights of the officers: “ Pluff! Pluff! Ahundred and eighty-five kilograms�！�

　　This, though it fulfills the laws and requirements of Futuristpoetry, can hardly be classed as Literature. All the same, no thinking man canrefuse to accept their first proposition: that a great change in our emotionallife calls for a change of expression. The whole question is really this: havewe essentially changed?

　　19. This passage is mainly____。

　　[A]a survey of new approaches to art

　　[B]a review of Futurist poetry

　　[C]about merits of the Futurist movement

　　[D]about laws and requirements of literature

　　20. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____。

　　[A]determine its purposes

　　[B]ignore its flaws

　　[C]follow the new fashions

　　[D]accept the principles

　　21. Futurists claim that we must____。

　　[A]increase the production of literature

　　[B]use poetry to relieve modern stress

　　[C]develop new modes of expression

　　[D]avoid using adjectives and verbs

　　22. The author believes that Futurist poetry is____。

　　[A]based on reasonable principles

　　[B]new and acceptable to ordinary people

　　[C]indicative of basic change in human nature

　　[D]more of a transient phenomenon than literature

　　解析

　　19. This passage is mainly____. 本文中心思想是____。

　　[A]a survey of new approaches to art 對新的藝術(shù)理論的調(diào)查

　　[B]a review of Futurist poetry 對未來派詩歌的評論

　　[C]about merits of the Futurist movement 有關(guān)未來派運動的優(yōu)點

　　[D]about laws and requirements of literature 有關(guān)文學的規(guī)則和要求

　　【答案】 B

　　【考點】 文章主旨題。

　　【分析】 本文第一段提到“至于未來派詩歌，情況卻有點難，因為即使承認未來派詩歌理論根據(jù)可能正確，無論它是怎樣的，也很難稱之為文學”。第二段提到“未來主義者聲稱，這種加速的生活需要一種新的表達方式。如果我們想解釋現(xiàn)代社會的壓力，就必須加快文學的速度”。第三段例舉了一個未來文學的例子，指出其難以接受。最后一段仍然是對未來文學的批評。因此我們看出本文是一篇文學評論，而且是對未來文學的評論。只有選擇[B]。

　　20. When a novel literary idea appears, people should try to_____。

　　當出現(xiàn)一個新的文學理念時，人們應(yīng)該努力_____。

　　[A]determine its purposes 確定它的目標

　　[B]ignore its flaws 忽視它的缺陷

　　[C]follow the new fashions 跟隨這個新的潮流

　　[D]accept the principles 接受原則

　　【答案】 A

　　【考點】 事實細節(jié)題。

　　【分析】 本題可以定位到第一段第一句“每當一個新藝術(shù)思潮達到一定流行程度時，(在評價它之前)最好先找出其倡導者的目的”。

　　21. Futurists claim that we must____。

　　未來主義者聲稱我們必須____。

　　[A]increase the production of literature 加大文學的產(chǎn)出

　　[B]use poetry to relieve modern stress 用詩歌來減輕現(xiàn)代的壓力

　　[C]develop new modes of expression 開發(fā)出新的表達方式

　　[D]avoid using adjectives and verbs 避免使用形容詞和動詞

　　【答案】 C

　　【考點】 事實細節(jié)題。

　　【分析】 根據(jù)題干，我們無法定位到任何一段，只能通過具體的選項來做具體的判斷。[A]選項錯誤，文中并沒有提到要加大文學的產(chǎn)出，雖然文中提到“如果我們想解釋現(xiàn)代社會的壓力，就必須加快文學的速度�！钡�是這句話的意思不是要加大文學的產(chǎn)出，而是加快文學的節(jié)奏。[B]選項錯誤，因為文中在提到壓力的時候，只是說“解釋”(interpret)壓力，而沒有說用詩歌來減輕現(xiàn)代的壓力。[D]選項錯誤，文中提到形容詞和動詞的地方是第二段“我們必須大量使用基本詞匯，不受句號，修飾性形容詞及限定動詞的限制”這一句。但是并沒有說避免使用形容詞和動詞。[C]選項“開發(fā)出新的表達方式”這個說法合適，因為文中第二段提到“未來主義者聲稱，這種加速的生活需要一種新的表達方式”。

　　22. The author believes that Futurist poetry is_____. 作者相信未來派詩歌是_____。

　　[A]based on reasonable principles 根據(jù)合理的原則

　　[B]new and acceptable to ordinary people 對普通人而言是新的可接受的

　　[C]indicative of basic change in human nature 顯示出人性中基本的變化

　　[D]more of a transient phenomenon than literature

　　與其說是文學不如說是一種暫時的現(xiàn)象

　　【答案】 D

　　【考點】 中心主旨題。

　　【分析】 在本文最后一段，作者說“沒有一個善于思考的人會拒絕接受他們的首要主張，即情感生活的巨大變化要求表達方式也隨之變化。實際問題是：我們發(fā)生了根本的變化嗎?”這個問題實際上就已經(jīng)否定了未來主義者的首要主張，即他們對歷史和現(xiàn)實的認識是不正確的，所以其理論根據(jù)是站不住腳的。所以說未來派詩歌并沒有穩(wěn)定的理論基礎(chǔ)，只是一個暫時的現(xiàn)象。